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7th Grade Sentences
65
Sentences
Kinds of Sentences
Topic 1
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. There are different kinds of thoughts and different kinds of sentences.
Rule #1
A declarative sentence makes a statement. It ends with a period.
Example 1
The first day of school is always the hardest.
Most classes begin at 8:00 A.M.
I hope my friends are in my class.
An interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark.
Example 2
Will I find my way around the new school?
Who will my teacher be this year?
Can you carry all those heavy books?
An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. It ends with a period.
Example 3
Don't panic. Please check your schedule.
Try to sit at a desk in the front row.
Call home if you need a ride after school.
An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feeling. It ends with an exclamation point.
Example 4
What a maze of corridors this building has!
It's so easy to get lost!
I can hardly wait to meet my new teacher!
1. Please help me read this schedule.
2. English is my next class.
3. Is Mr. Jones the teacher?
4. What a good teacher he is!
5. The class begins very soon.
6. Where is Room 102?
7. Ask the hall monitor.
8. How big this class is!
9. These are our new books.
10. Please pass one to me.
Practice 1
1. imp
2. dec
3. int
4. excl
5. dec
6. int
7. imp
8. excl
9. dec
10. imp
Answers
11. What a fresh smell the pages have
12. Open your books to the unit on page five
13. This looks like an interesting lesson
14. Please answer the questions in the first exercise
15. Do you have any questions about your assignment
16. We can learn a lot from this book
Practice 2
11. excl !
12. imp .
13. dec .
14. imp .
15. int ?
16. dec .
Answers
Complete Subjects and Complete Predicates
Topic 2
Rule #1
You know that a sentence expresses a complete thought. Every sentence has two basic parts, a subject and a predicate. The subject tells whom or what the sentence is about. The predicate tells what the subject is, has, does, or feels.
All the words that make up the subject are called the complete subject. All the words that make up the predicate are called the complete predicate.
Rule #2
Ralph jumped.
He plays well.
That tall girl is the team captain.
Some of the students from my homeroom are sitting in the last row of bleachers.
Examples
Practice 1
1. The game of basketball was born in 1891.
2. James Naismith taught physical education at the YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts.
3. His boss wanted an idea for a new team sport.
4. The students needed an indoor game for the long winter months.
5. Two peach baskets were hung high in the gymnasium.
6. Each team threw the ball toward its own basket.
7. One of the teams landed the ball in the basket.
8. They recovered the ball with a tall
ladder.
Answers
1. The game of basketball was born in 1891.
2. James Naismith taught physical education at the YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts.
3. His boss wanted an idea for a new team sport.
4. The students needed an indoor game for the long winter months.
5. Two peach baskets were hung high in the gymnasium.
6. Each team threw the ball toward its own basket.
7. One of the teams landed the ball in the basket.
8. They recovered the ball with a tall
ladder.
Practice 2
9. The object of checkers is the capture of the opponent's pieces.
10. Each player has twelve pieces, called men or checkers.
11. The checkerboard has sixty-four alternating dark and light squares.
12. Men can be moved forward diagonally.
13. An opponent's men are captured by jumping over them.
14. Upon reaching the opponent's back line, a man is crowned and becomes a king.
15. A king can move and jump forward and backward.
Answers
9. The object of checkers is the capture of the opponent's pieces.
10. Each player has twelve pieces, called men or checkers.
11. The checkerboard has sixty-four alternating dark and light squares.
12. Men can be moved forward diagonally.
13. An opponent's men are captured by jumping over them.
14. Upon reaching the opponent's back line, a man is crowned and becomes a king.
15. A king can move and jump forward and backward.
Simple Subjects and Simple Predicates
Topic 3
The most important word or words in the complete subject is called the simple subject. The simple subject is usually a noun or pronoun.
Rule #1
The women of the village weave colorful bags.
Ms. Brown shows us slides of the women at work.
All of the villagers are proud of their creations.
Sometimes the subject contains only one word.
That word is both the complete subject and the simple subject of the sentence.
Rule #2
They use leaves from palm trees.
People learned to weave with grasses and leaves thousands of years ago.
Weaving is a major industry in many countries.
The key word or words in the complete predicate is called the simple predicate. The simple predicate is always a verb. The verb may be one word or several words. Sometimes another word in the sentence comes between the parts of the verb, but that word is not part of the simple predicate.
Rule #3
The villagers do not use a frame or a loom.
Each one of the bags is different.
The bags will be sold in the market.
If the predicate of a sentence contains only one word, that word is both the complete predicate and the simple predicate of the sentence.
Rule #4
The village children help.
Visitors from other countries watch.
After a busy day, the villagers sleep.
Practice
1. Early weavers wove cloth on a frame.
2. The fibers of plants were used by these weavers.
3. Such fibers made durable cloth.
4. One person in the family created cloth for the rest of the family's clothes.
5. Most cloth is now made by machine.
6. Fabrics are often manufactured from artificial substances.
7. Traditional weavers worldwide still use frames and natural fibers.
8. The earliest weavers made a kind of linen from the fibers of the flax plant.
9. That original cloth was rather rough.
10. The ancient Egyptians perfected linen cloth.
1. Early weavers wove cloth on a frame.
2. The fibers of plants were used by these weavers.
3. Such fibers made durable cloth.
4. One person in the family created cloth for the rest of the family's clothes.
5. Most cloth is now made by machine.
6. Fabrics are often manufactured from artificial substances.
7. Traditional weavers worldwide still use frames and natural fibers.
8. The earliest weavers made a kind of linen from the fibers of the flax plant.
9. That original cloth was rather rough.
10. The ancient Egyptians perfected linen cloth.
Answers
Finding the Subject
Topic 4
Most sentences you write are in natural English word order. The subject comes before the predicate. Sometimes, though, you write sentences in which the subject follows all or part of the predicate. This is called inverted order.
Rule #1
Examples
At the corner of Park Street is the bus stop. (Inverted declarative sentence)
Here comes the last bus. (Declarative sentence beginning with here or there. The subject is NEVER here or there.)
Where is our train? (interrogative)
Does Anne ride her bicycle to school?
(interrogative)
It may be easier to find the subject of a sentence in inverted order if you rearrange the sentence so that it is in natural order.
Rule #2
At the corner of Park Street is the bus stop.
The bus stop is at the corner of Park Street.
Here comes the last bus.
The last bus comes here.
Where is our train?
Our train is where?
Does Anne ride her bicycle to school?
Anne does ride her bicycle to school.
Examples
Be alert to imperative sentences. The subject of an imperative sentence is always you. Because you does not appear in the sentence, the subject is said to be "understood."
Rule #3
(You) Meet me at the beginning of the path.
(You) Please save me a seat on the bus.
(You) Don't be late.
(You) Bring the bus schedule with you.
Examples
Practice 1
1. How much does it cost to ride the subway?
2. Do Juan and his friend each have a subway ticket?
3. They will have to buy tokens today.
4. Is that the train that goes to Dupont Circle?
5. Here is the right one.
6. The car is filled with workers and tourists.
7. At the end of the car is an empty seat.
8. Does the subway stop near the school?
9. Get off at the next stop.
10. There is always a crowd at the station at
this time of morning.
Answers
1. How much does it cost to ride the subway?
2. Do Juan and his friend each have a subway ticket?
3. They will have to buy tokens today.
4. Is that the train that goes to Dupont Circle?
5. Here is the right one.
6. The car is filled with workers and tourists.
7. At the end of the car is an empty seat.
8. Does the subway stop near the school?
9. Get off at the next stop. (You)
10. There is always a crowd at the station at
this time of morning.
11. Where is the stop for the Lincoln bus?
12. There is a bus at the corner.
13. Does that bus go to Lincoln?
14. Look at the sign on the back of the bus.
15. On this corner is the bus for Julie's street.
16. Does Chris ride the same bus as Julie?
Practice 2
11. Where is the stop for the Lincoln bus?
12. There is a bus at the corner.
13. Does that bus go to Lincoln?
14. Look at the sign on the back of the bus. (You)
15. On this corner is the bus for Julie's street.
16. Does Chris ride the same bus as Julie?
Answers
Conjunctions
Topic 5
You have learned that conjunctions are connecting words. The most common conjunctions are and, but, and or. These are called coordinating conjunctions. They connect words or groups of words that are equal in importance and perform the same function in a sentence.
Each coordinating conjunction shows a different relationship between the ideas it connects.
Rule #1
Examples
and joining or addition of similar ideas
but contrast or difference between ideas
or choice between ideas
Some conjunctions are
used in pairs. These pairs are called correlative conjunctions. Correlative conjunctions make an even stronger connection between ideas than a coordinating conjunction does.
Rule #2
Neither oils nor fats contain protein.
Common Correlative Conjunctions
Examples
both...and
either...or
neither...nor
whether...or
Coordinating Conjunctions
1. People in the U.S. may produce their own food, ____ they may import it from other countries.
2. Two Japanese dishes, sushi ____ tempura, are becoming popular in the United States.
3. Some international foods ____ recipes are not popular here.
4. The Spanish sometimes eat fried eels ____, some people do not enjoy this dish.
5. Australians often eat ostrich, ____ it is not often available in the United States.
Practice
1. or
2. and
3. and
4. but
5. but
Answers
1. Neither hamburgers nor pizza was first eaten in the United States.
2. Both German hamburgers and Italian pizza have become part of the U.S. diet.
3. Many other foods either were brought to the United States by Europeans or came from other continents.
4. Most Italians enjoy either white sauce or red sauce on their pasta.
5. Either fruits or vegetables are readily available in the Caribbean.
6. Either spicy or bland, a person's food preference is usually determined at an early age.
Practice
1. Neither hamburgers nor pizza was first eaten in the United States.
2. Both German hamburgers and Italian pizza have become part of the U.S. diet.
3. Many other foods either were brought to the United States by Europeans or came from other continents.
4. Most Italians enjoy either white sauce or red sauce on their pasta.
5. Either fruits or vegetables are readily available in the Caribbean.
6. Either spicy or bland, a person's food preference is usually determined at an early age.
Answers
Fragments and Run-ons
Topic 6
If a group of words does not express a complete thought or does not have both a subject and a predicate, it is a sentence fragment. Notice how sentence fragments leave important questions unanswered.
Rule #1
Examples
Learned about American politicians. (Who?)
Yvonne and Bruce. ( What did they do?)
In his history book. (Who did what in the book?)
For example, Jeannette Rankin. (What did she do?)
The first woman member of Congress. (What about
her?)
You can connect a fragment by adding a subject or a predicate or by completing a thought.
Rule #2
Examples
Yvonne's class learned about American politicians.
Yvonne and Bruce wrote a report about Shirley Chisholm.
Bruce had read about Shirley Chisholm in his history book.
They were also interested in other women legislators, for example, Jeannette Rankin.
In 1918, She became the first woman member of Congress.
Two or more sentences that run together without the correct punctuation form a run-on sentence. You can correct run-on sentences in several ways.
Rule #1
1. Separate two or more thoughts by making them separate sentences.
2. Add a conjunction. Sometimes you may want to both add a conjunction and make separate sentences.
Rule #2
Separate
Sentences
Shirley Chisholm was the first black congresswoman, she was elected in 1968.
Shirley Chisholm was the first black congresswoman. She was elected in 1968.
Add a conjunction
Chisholm ran for president she lost the primary election.
Chisholm ran for president, but she lost the primary election.
Chisholm directed day-care centers, she served on a child welfare bureau, she wrote her autobiography in 1970.
Chisholm directed day-care centers, and she served on a welfare bureau. She wrote her autobiography in 1970.
Sentence or Fragment? Correct the fragments.
Practice
1. The United States House of Representatives.
2. The first House had fifty-nine members in it.
3. Since 1962 there have been 435 members in the House.
4. Every other year.
5. During each session of Congress, hundreds of bills are passed by the House.
1. fragment; The United States House of Representatives is part of the legislative branch of the government.
2. sentence
3. sentence
4. fragment; Elections for the House are held every other year.
5. sentence
Answers
Correct the run-ons
6. Dolley Madison was the wife of the fourth President she entertained often, many politicians gathered at her parties.
7. During the War of 1812 the British army marched on Washington, Dolley Madison did not flee.
8. She remained until the last minute and hid important objects, by doing so she saved many historical treasures some can still be seen today.
Practice
6. Dolley Madison was the wife of the fourth President. She entertained often, and many politicians gathered at her parties.
7. During the War of 1812 the British army marched on Washington. Dolley Madison did not flee.
8. She remained until the last minute and hid important objects. By doing so, she saved many historical treasures. Some can still be seen today.