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Cavite Mutiny

AAMT 1-13

What is Mutiny?

What does

mutiny mean?

  • Mutiny is a criminal conspiracy among a group of people to openly oppose, change, or overthrow a lawful authority to which they are subject.
  • Mutiny comes from an old verb, mutine, which means "revolt". and a mutiny is like a revolt.

Cavite Mutiny:

CAVITE

MUTINY

  • The Cavite mutiny of 1872 was an uprising of Filipino military personnel of Fort San Felipe, the Spanish arsenal in Cavite, Philippine Islands on January 23, 1872. Around 200 locally recruited colonial troops and laborers rose up in the belief that it would elevate to a national uprising.

Cavite Mutiny:

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  • On January 20, 1872- about 200 Filipino military personnel of Fort San Felipe Arsenal in Cavite, Philippines, staged a mutiny which paved way for the Philippine Revolution in 1896.
  • The Cavite Mutiny was caused by the removal of long-standing personal benefits to the workers such as tax(tribute) and forced labor exemptions on order from the Governor General Rafael de Izquierdo.
  • The mutineers were led by Sgt. Fernando La Madrid; they seized the Fort and killed the Spanish officers. But the Spanish government in Manila sent a regiment under the command of Gen. Felipe Ginoves to recover the Fort. Sgt. La Madrid were killed and others are sentenced to death or hard labor.

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  • When the Archbishop of Manila, Rev. Meliton Martinez, refused to cooperate and defrock the priests, the Spanish court-martial on February 15 went ahead and maliciously found Fathers Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora guilty treason for instigating the Cavite mutiny. Two days later the three priests were put to death by garrote in Bagumbayan, now known as Luneta.
  • Garrote is a barbaric Spanish method of execution in which an iron collar was tightened around the prisoner's neck until death occured.
  • GOMBURZA became a rallying catchword for the down-trodden Filipinos seeking justice and freedom from Spain.
  • It is well to remember that the seeds of nationalism that was sown in Cavite blossomed to the Philippine Revolution and later to the Declaration of Independence by Emilio Aguinaldo which also took place in Cavite

GOMBURZA

Father Mariano Gomez

GOMBURZA

  • Gómez was born on August 2, 1799 in the suburb of Santa Cruz, Manila. He was a Tornatrás, one born of mixed native (Filipino), Chinese and Spanish ancestries. His parents were Alejandro Francisco Gómez and Martina Custodia.
  • Father Mariano Gomez was an old man in his mid-'70,Chinese-Filipino,born in Cavite. He held the most senior position of the three as Archbishop's Vicar in Cavite. He was truly nationalistic and accepted death penalty calmly as though it were his penance for being pro-Filipinos.

Father Jacinto Zamora

  • Father Jacinto Zamora ,37, was also Spanish, born in the Philippines. He was the Parish priest of Marikina and was known to be unfriendly to and would not countenance any arrogance or authoritative behavior from Spaniards coming from Spain. He once snubbed a Spanish Governor who came to visit Marikina.

Father Zamora

Father Jose Burgos

Father Burgos

  • Gómez was born on August 2, 1799 in the suburb of Santa Cruz, Manila. He was a Tornatrás, one born of mixed native (Filipino), Chinese and Spanish ancestries. His parents were Alejandro Francisco Gómez and Martina Custodia.
  • Father Mariano Gomez was an old man in his mid-'70,Chinese-Filipino,born in Cavite. He held the most senior position of the three as Archbishop's Vicar in Cavite. He was truly nationalistic and accepted death penalty calmly as though it were his penance for being pro-Filipinos.

Gov. General Rafael de Izquierdo:

Governor

General

Izquierdo

  • Izquierdo started ruling in 1871 with his imposed iron-fist rule. He opposed to any reformist and nationalistic movement in the Philippines. His ruling was short lived, only less than two years.
  • Izquierdo used the mutiny to implicate Gomburza and other notable Filipinos known for their liberal learnings. Prominent Filipinos such as priests, professionals, and businessman were arrested on flimsy and trumped-up charges and sentenced to prison, death, or exile.

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