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Chemicals in your Daily Life
2
Chemicals in your Daily Life
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
What properties are used to describe matter?
1. Properties that are used to describe matter
Mass, color, shape, volume, and density. Density is an important physical property because it is the mass of the substance per unit of volume.
Libretexts. “Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter.”
Physical Properties
Physical Properties
- Odorless
- White
- Cubic crystals
- Melting point of 800 Celsius
- Boiling point of 1465 Celsius
("Properties of salt")
Chemical Properties
NaCl is soluble in water and other polar solvents
("properties of salt")
Chemical Properties
Is NaCl intensive or extensive?
NaCl is intensive. No matter how much of the substance you have the properties will always be the same.
Intensive or extensive
How are atoms of one element different from atoms of another?
2. How the atoms of one element are different from atoms of another element
The number of electrons are equal to the number of protons in each element. Each element has a different amount of protons and electrons from each other. The number of protons an element has is really the key difference because the amount of protons in an element makes the atomic number.
(“Elementary BBC World Service.”)
What elements make up Sodium Chloride?
Elements that make up NaCl
The two elements that make up sodium chloride are Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl)
What can you determine about the elements in NaCl based on their location on the periodic table?
About the elements
Based on their location on the periodic table you can tell that sodium is a metal with a charge of 1+, it is an alkali metal, and when joined with chlorine it will form and ionic compound. Chlorine is a nonmetal with a charge of 1-. An ionic compound is formed when a metal and a nonmetal join together.
How do ionic and covalent bonds differ?
3. How ionic and covalent bonds differ
Ionic bonds are the bonds of a metal and a nonmetal. Covalent bonds are the bonds of two nonmetals
Is NaCl covalent or ionic? How do you know?
Covalent or ionic
NaCl is an ionic compound. I know this because Na (sodium) is a nonmetal and Cl (chlorine) is a nonmetals and when a metal and a nonmetal join together they form an ionic compound.
How and why does this type of compound form?
How this forms
An ionic compound forms when a metal and a nonmetal "trade" valence electrons. For example in NaCl sodium has a charge of 1+ and chlorine has a charge of 1- when joining sodium's charge of 1+ goes to chlorine in order to balance out the electrons becuase of the Octet Rule which states that 8 electrons in the valence energy level is the most stable state for an atom. Since chlorine only has 7 valence elctrons that one from sodium makes it stable.
How does the type of compound contribute to its properties?
Contribution to the properties
The type of compound contributes to its properties because ionic compounds have very high boiling and melting points so they require a lot of energy to break down. It affects the forces of attractions because of the ions sodium is losing.
Why is the mole an important measure to chemistry?
4. Why the mole is an important measure in chemistry
The mole is an important measure to chemistry because it allows chemists to work with macro units and amounts since atoms are too small to work with. The mole represents 6.02x10^23 items of atoms. (“Why Is the Mole an Important Unit to Chemists?)
What is the molar mass of NaCl and what does that mean?
Molar mass
The molar mass of sodium chloride is 58.44 g/mol. This means that every one mole of NaCl has a mass of 58.4 g.
How can molar mass be used to determine percent composition of your compound?
Percent composition
Molar mass can be used to determine percent composition because when solving the percent composition you take the molar mass of each element and then multiply it by the number of that element in the compound. The divide by molar mass of the compound. Then multiply by 100% . The percent composition tells you by mass the percent of each element that is present in a compound.
How do chemical reactions obey the law of conservation of mass?
5. How chemical reactions obey the law of conservation of mass
The law of conservation of mass states that mass can't be created or destroyed by chemical reactions and that the mass of the reactants and the products must be the same. Chemical reactions obey this law because they don't create or destroy mass leaving the reactants and products the same weight.
What is a balanced chemical reaction your compound is involved in? What type of reaction is this?
Chemical reaction
A balanced chemical equation that you can find NaCl in could be
AgNO3+Nacl ----> AgCl+NaNO3
This would be a double replacement. When AgNO3 and NaCl join together the two metals (Ag and Na) "switch" places with the criss-cross method and then you get your two new products of AgCl and NaNO3.
Mass-Mole
Mass-mole
Mole-paricle
Mole-paricle
Works Cited
“Elementary BBC World Service.” BBC, BBC, www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/elementary/statcon/atoms.shtml
Libretexts. “Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter.” Chemistry LibreTexts, National Science Foundation, 26 Nov. 2018, chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Chemical_Reactions/Properties_of_Matter.
“Properties of Salt.” Decomposition Reaction Chemistry@TutorVista.com, chemistry.tutorvista.com/inorganic-chemistry/properties-of-salt.html.
“Why Is the Mole an Important Unit to Chemists? Socratic.” Socratic.org, socratic.org/questions/why-is-the-mole-an-important-unit-to-chemists.