Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading…
Transcript

Biodegradable Thermoplastic Starch

TPS

Thermoplastic Starch

Biodegradable polymers

TPS

High demand of biodegradable substances

Replacing macromoleculr substances that originate from fossil fuels

STARCH

Starch

Structure

Structure of Starch

  • Hydrophillic-Readily oxidised and reduced
  • Amylose-Low molecular weight, long chain
  • Amylopectin-High molecular weight, short branched molecules

Molecular Motion

  • Rigid and radom conformations
  • Molecule movements initiated by heat
  • Becomes more flexible and viscous

Molecular

Retrogradation

  • Replenish/preserve water content

Retrogradation

  • Hydrolising into glucose
  • Metabolises into carbon dioxide and water

Physical and Chemical blends

Biodegradable starch blends

Physical blending of polymers

Physical blending is the simple technique of mixing of polymeric materials in a melt state with no chemical reactions taking place.

Physical blends

Main goal of physical blending polymers includes

  • Improvement of mechanical properties
  • cost reduction
  • tailoring of properties to a certain application

Starch blends

Blends with synthetic degradable polymers

To obtain starch based biodegradable thermoplastics the starch component are usually blended with aliphatic polyesters, PVA, and biopolymers.

The commonly used polyesters are:

  • Poly Beta-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
  • Polylactide (PLA)

Biopolymers blends

Biopolymers blends

Natural polymers

Natural starch blends

Natural polymers such as starch and chitosan are inherently biodegradable.

Benefits of natural polymers:

  • Readily available
  • Cheap
  • Non-toxic
  • Renewable
  • Biodegradable

Chemical derivates

Chemical derivatives

A particular problem of starch-based blends is that many starch blends are non-miscible which leads to poor mechanical properties.

To enhance the mechanical properties of these blends chemical strategies are considered.

These strategies includes:

  • Substituting the hydroxyl group
  • Graft copolymerization

Applications

Applications

Agricultural

  • Lots of plastics used in agriculture

  • Half is used for films

Agricultural

  • TPS films for mulching
  • TPS decomposes

Packaging & Containers

  • Makes up significant amount of our plastic waste

Packaging & Containers

  • Increase appeal to consumers
  • Suitable for non-liquid foods

Medical

  • Non-toxic, resorbable and biodegradable

Medical

  • Manufacturing of capsules for drug delieveries
  • Film to assist in the healing of wounds

References

By:

Anton Van

Johnson Wang

Helen Zeng

  • Wang, N., J. G. Yu, P. R. Chang and X. Ma (2008). "Influence of formamide and water on the properties of thermoplastic starch/poly(lactic acid) blends." Carbohydrate Polymers 71(1): 109-118.
  • Ke, T. and X. S. Sun (2003). "Starch, poly(lactic acid), and poly(vinyl alcohol) blends." Journal of Polymers and the Environment 11(1): 7-14.
  • de Carvalho, A. J. F. and E. Trovatti (2016). "Biomedical Applications for Thermoplastic Starch." Biodegradable and Biobased Polymers for Environmental and Biomedical Applications: 1-23.
  • Choi, E. J., C.-H. Kim and J.-K. Park (1999). Synthesis and Characterisation of starch-h-polycarpolactone copolymer. Macromolecules: 7402-7408.
  • Cao X., Chen Y., Chang P. R., Muir A. D., Falk G.: Starch-based nanocomposites reinforced with flax cellulose nanocrystals. Express Polymer Letters, 2, 502– 510 (2008).
  • Johnson, Liz Roth. Formation of polysaacride gels. Retrieved from: http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/scienceandfood/files/2013/04/starchgellation.png
  • Sinauer. Starch Architecture, Retrieved from:http://6e.plantphys.net/ch/08/wt08.13/wt0813a.jpg
  • Wunderlich, B. (2011). Do biopolymers behave the same as synthetic high polymers? Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: 81-84.
  • Zdrahala, R. J. (1997). Thermoplastic starch revisited. Structure/property relationship for “dialed-in” biodegradability. Macromol. Symp: 113-123.
Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi