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Wealth & Narcissism
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Wealth & Narcissism
By: David, Stephen, Caroline, and AJ
December 2017
The Article
Pursuit of gratification from vanity or egotistic admiration of one's own attributes. The term originated from Greek mythology, where the young Narcissus fell in love with his own image reflected in a pool of water
"How growing up wealthy or poor relates to narcissism, leader behavior, and leader effectiveness"
Proposal: "We propose a negative serially mediated association between higher parental and lower future leader effectiveness via high levels of narcissism and, in turn, reduced engagement in behaviors that are viewed as central to the leadership role”
Article Continued
Article Continued
Hypothesis 1: Parental income is positively related to future narcissism
Hypothesis 2: Narcissism is negatively related to leader engagement in a) relational-oriented, b) task-oriented, and c) change-oriented behaviors.
Article: Sample & Design
Article: Sample & Design
- Data from active duty soldiers in the U.S. Army who graduated from USMA
- Narcissism was assessed using a version of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory
- Leadership behaviors were assessed by followers using a Leadership Behavior Development Questionnaire
Narcissism
Narcissism
Narcissism
- Excessive or erotic interest in oneself
Characteristics
- Impulsivity
- Arrogant, aggressive, belittle others, exploit weaknesses
- Derogate others
- Low levels of empathy
Relationship Oriented Behaviors
Relational-Oriented Behaviors
Academy of Management Journal: Investigating how parental income during one's upbringing relates to his or her effectiveness as a leader after entering an organization.
Actions in which leaders:
- Show concern for followers
- Look out for their welfare
- Build their respect
- Encourage followers to focus on the welfare of the group
- Narcissism negatively relates
Task-Oriented Behaviors
Task-Oriented Behaviors
- Reflects the extent to which a leader defines and organizes the work and roles of members, models and tasks that others follow
- Narcissists are less deliberative and conscientious
- Impedes their capacity to define and organize roles
Narcissistic leaders’ Impulsivity may:
- Cause them to deviate from established plans and standards
- Cause confusion among followers about what to do
Change-Oriented Behaviors
Change-Oriented Behaviors
- Develop and communicate a compelling vision
- Encourage followers’ innovative thinking and sharing of different perspectives
Arguments about narcissistic leaders ability to formulate a compelling vision :
- Might take more risks
- Visions might omit the organization
- Findings about the relationship between narcissism and change oriented behavior are mixed
- Presidents and Sports CEOs
- Visions that are bold, but failed to recognize the organization
Interviews
It is one of the three dark triadic personality traits (the others being psychopathy and Machiavellianism). Except in the sense of primary narcissism or healthy self-love, narcissism is usually considered a problem in a person's or group's relationships with self and others
Morascyzk & Polochak Senior Partner
Joe Morascyzk
- Spent three years working as an associate attorney at his uncles' firm
- Influenced by his parents
- Uncle was a narcissist
W&J Women's Lacrosse Head Coach
Alison Valerio
- Middle class background, first job at an ice cream parlor
- Greatly influenced by parents and their values
- College coach was a narcissist
Results of U.S. Army Study
Narcissism is also considered a social or cultural problem. It is a factor in trait theory used in various self-report inventories of personality[1] such as the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory
“The income of one’s parents is positively associated with later narcissism… Through higher levels of narcissism, parental income was indirectly associated with less engagement in behaviors that are traditionally viewed as central to the leadership role and in turn lower effectiveness across multiple dimensions”
- Hypothesis 1 (parental income positively associated with adult narcissism), supported.
- Hypothesis 2 (narcissism relates to less engagement in relational, task, and change-oriented behaviors), supported.
Conclusion
Conclusion
- There is a correlation between parental income and narcissism, however there are definite outliers.
- Outliers:
- not all people who come from high parental income exert narcissistic traits.
- some people from low class and income exert high narcissistic traits (athletes)
- some other traits come into play with narcissists
Questions for Managers
Questions for Managers
- What do you think makes an effective leader?
- How do you effectively communicate and interact with your employees?
- Is it important to you to have your employees like you and respect you and like their job?
- Is a relationship with your employees where you can collaborate, receive feedback, suggestions, and advice something important to you?
- Do you think it’s important for your employees to develop internal motivation?
- What do you do to motivate your employees and keep them in good spirits?
- To what extent do you try to lead your team?
Questions for Managers
Questions for Managers
- Have you ever worked for a narcissist?
- What did you take away from that experience?
- How would you describe your childhood upbringing regarding parental income?
- How would deal with a narcissist type employee?
- Do you think a narcissist employee can be a positive and/or negative contribution?
- How influential were your parents on your behavior. Did they spoil you? Did they teach lessons?
- What was your first job and what impact did that job have on your outlook of your professional career?
- Do you think a leader described as self-serving can be effective?