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General Strain Theory

Definition

General Strain Theory

Definition

Unique explanation of crime and delinquency

In contrast to control and learning theories

Focuses explicitly on negative treatment

Only major theory of crime and delinquency to focus on the role of negative emotions.

Background Info

Background Info

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Based on Robert

Merton's Strain Theory (Merton’s theory was limited by the causes of strain)

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Developed in 1992 by Robert Agnew

Agnew added other potential sources of strain.

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General strain theory centers on strain as a social psychological variable, as opposed to a social structural one

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Experience of strain/ stress tend to form emotions such as anger, frustration, depression, and despair.

Merton's Theory and Agnew's Theory

Merton's Theory and Agnew's Theory Characteristics

Agnew's Theory

  • "Deliquency as the result of pressure by negative states as anger and other negative emotions as a result of negative relationships."
  • "Difference between just/unfair outcomes and the actual outcome: this strain is based on the individual's understanding of what is considered fair"

Merton's Theory

  • Cultural ethos of the “American Dream” encourages all individuals, to strive for personal.
  • Crime emphasized the utilitarian, goal-oriented nature of deviant adaptations

Merton's Theory VS Agnew's Theory

Strengths

  • Strain is multifaceted and how individuals cope is more important than the fact that strain exists.
  • takes into consideration individual characteristics

Weaknesses

  • Reductionistic, it fails to explore structural origins of strain.
  • Doesn’t explain why individuals that are similarly affected by strain do not always adapt similarly.

Strengths and Weaknesses

Strengths And Weaknesses

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dxn_Ki5g1YQ

00:40-01:38

Video

Different Kinds of Strain and Why Coping Matters

Kinds of Strain

Objective Strains-Events or conditions that are disliked by most members of a given group.

Subjective Strains-Events or conditions that are disliked by the people who are experiencing (or have experienced) them.

Types of Strain and Coping

Why Coping Matters

  • People must cope to get rid of their strain.
  • Coping skills help you process and deal with life stressors, struggles and emotions

Real Life Examples

  • A father leaving his son who love his dad and now is miserable with the mom and step dad
  • A child losing their beloved pet
  • A school shooter acts out after getting divorced from his/ her wife and kills innocent bystanders.
  • A student fails a couple college classes, causes the student to drop out of school and work for a low paying job.

Real Life Examples

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