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Overview
The act of swinging in baseball is a complex movement. In every sport-specific movement there is a concentric and eccentric portion. At the highest level of the sport, baseball players are able to synchronously utilize their lower extremity to produce large amounts off power, released through the bat at impact with the ball.
Drive Phase
Stance Phase
Follow-through
The eccentric phase of the baseball swing could be related to an extended spring. Upon release of the spring there will be an explosive shortening of the unit as a whole. In this phase, the ball player retains this energy of the muscles as they time the ball coming at them.
Eccentric Phase
The concentric phase, in comparison to the spring analogy, is the rapid shortening of the lower extremity. The baseball player has located the ball and will transfer the energy from the ground through their legs and to the ball with the bat. This all occurs in under a second.
Concentric Phase
Isometric muscle contraction refers to the buildup of tension within a muscle without the movement of the joint angle. These can also be known as static contractions, as there can be a large amount of rigidity within the joint to maintain stability overall. This is exemplified in a baseball swing along the player's trunk and neck.
Isometric Phase
Conclusion
A baseball swing is a complex body movement that includes both muscles in the upper and lower extremities. The concentric and eccentric phases of movement in the lower body and trunk were the focus of this presentation. The loading, action, and follow-through steps of a swing were analyzed through specification of muscle contractions and joints involved.