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Herophilus is commonly known as the father of anatomy. He was one of the very first people to dissect a human around 400 b.c. He also contributed in many different ways to the study of the human body, for example one of his most important contributions is that he noticed the difference of arteries and veins.
Galen was a anatomist around 180 AD. His study of human anatomy was seriously hampered due to the fact that dissection was forbidden. He dissected animlas and made observations on the valves of the heart and cranial nerves. He was also known for his many vivisections, his most famous being the expirement showing that brain controlled the voice.
Mondino De Liuzzi was an Italian 14th century antomist. His book "Anthomia" became so famous becuase it was his guide of dissection, it was used by scientist for over century, and became the standard handbook for dissectors. De Liuzzi would somtimes perform dissections in front of the public crowds. He was considered one of the greatest anatomist before Vesalius
Leonardo Da Vinci
By the 1490's Da Vinci became intrigued by the human body's anatomy. He secretly took cadavers and started to disect them. He focused on the skeleton and muscle's of the body but he proceeded to focus on the motors of the body such as the heart, lungs, and brain. His research and illustrations became the foundation of the principles of modern scientific illustrations.
Upon being appointed teacher of anatomical demonstration he learned as much as he could dissecting cadavers. After a period of time he disregarded Galens teachings and began to lecture his own. One of his greatest contributions was his "Seven Books on The Structure of The Human Body"
William Harvey is known for discovering circulation of blood throughout the body. Before Harvey published his book, scientists believed that the lungs were responsible for pumping the blood. He observed that the quantity of blood would have been too much for the tissues to absorb so he concluded that the veins allow the blood to flow in the direction of the heart and back out to the body.
Robert Knox was an Edinburg anatomist that was infamous for instigating two men to murder for science, although he was never charged for any crimes most of the population knew what he had done
Hare and his wife ran a boarding house in Edinburg. When Hare was unable to collect money owed to him by a dead customer, he and Burke took the body to Knox for compensation. After realizing how much money they could earn they continued to muder for Knox.
Burke was Hare's accomplice, but he was eventually brought to justice. he was hanged infront of 25 thousand people, but Hare was granted immunity, although the crowd disagreed as they chanted "burke hare." Burke's corpse was dissected and his body was opened to the public the next day, and several wallets were made from his skin
The First Heart Transplant
In 1967 the first heart transplant took place in Cape Town by a South African surgeon named Christiaan Barnard. This transplant however was not successful due to the patient dying after 18 days. Only 100 procedures were attempted due to the first surgery.
UAGA was passed in the US in 1968 and has been revised two times since it was signed. The act creates a framework for donations of organs and other body parts and regulates donations
Scientists have been leaning towards digital anatomy as the students or anatomists will have multiple attempts at dissecting the cadaver unlike a real body. The program or digital dissection would be labled and provide educational resources and medical conditions pertaining towards the specific region of the body. These practices and ideas began in the year 1993.
Heydenreich, Ludwig Heinrich. “Anatomical Studies and Drawings.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 18 Aug. 2017, www.britannica.com/biography/Leonardo-da-Vinci/Anatomical-studies-and-drawings.
“History of Human Anatomy.” Human Anatomy RSS, www.mananatomy.com/basic-anatomy/history-human-anatomy.
Ribatti, Domenico. “William Harvey and the Discovery of the Circulation of the Blood.” Journal of Angiogenesis Research, BioMed Central, 2009, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2776239/.
Hernandez, Daniela. “A Digital Revolution for Studying Human Anatomy.” Wired, Conde Nast, 12 Apr. 2012, www.wired.com/2012/04/biodigital-human/.
Florkin, Marcel. “Andreas Vesalius.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 24 Feb. 2017, www.britannica.com/biography/Andreas-Vesalius.
The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. “Galen of Pergamum.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 10 Mar. 2017, www.britannica.com/biography/Galen-of-Pergamum.