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The Peopling of the World

World History

Chapter 1

Human Origins

Human Origins in Africa

Scientific Origin

The Big Bang Theory

History of the Universe

Creation

Biblical account of Creation: Genesis Chapter 1.

The Bible

Gen. 1:1- In the beginning God created the heavens, the Earth, and light

Gen. 1:6- God created the heavens, land, and oceans

Gen. 1:11- God created vegetation

Gen. 1:14- God created the sun and moon

Gen. 1:20- God created animals

Gen. 1:27- God created man

Gen. 2:2 - God rested

Opposing Views

Opinions

Scientists Search

Scientific Clues

Human Origins in Africa

Archaeologists are scientists who dig in the ground and look for artifacts.

Artifacts are human-made objects, such as tools and jewelry.

These items might hint at how people dressed, what work they did, or how they worshiped.

Anthropologists

Culture

These scientiests study culture through examining artifacts at a dig and recreating a picture of early people's cultural behavior.

Culture- a people's unique way of life, including customs, family life, and social relationships.

Who killed the iceman?

The Iceman

The Stone Age

The Old Stone Age

Paleolithic Age- also called the Old Stone Age lasted from about 2.5 million to 8000 BC.

Early man used chopping tools during this era.

Neolithic Age- began about 8000 BC and ended around 3000 BC.

Early man used polished stone tools, made pottery, grow crops, and raise animals.

Paleolithic Tools

Neolithic Tools

Pictures

Human Evolution

Modern Humans

The earliest humans, who began walking upright, were called australopithecines.

The earliest footprints caused by these hominids were discovered by Mary Leaky in Africa.

Hominids- humans and other creatures that walk upright, such as australopithecines

Lucy

Cro-Magnons

The first early people to be skeletally identical to modern humans.

Cro-Magnons

Question of the Day

Compare and contrast Homo habilis and Cro-Magnons, using what we believe today to be true about their lives and accomplishments.

Question of the Day

Humans Try to Control Nature

Humans Try to Control Nature

Nomads

Nomads were highly mobile people who moved from place to place foraging, or searching, for new sources of food.

Daily Activities included;

-digging up plants

-making and repairing tools

-finding secure places to rest

Hunter-Gatherers

Hunter-Gatherers are nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods.

This way of life makes it impossible to live in permanent dwellings.

Hunter-gatherers

Neolithic Revolution

This time refers to when humans developed agriculture.

Agriculture

Early Farming Method

Slash-and-burn farming refers to clearing land for farming.

Early mankind cut trees or grasses to clear fields and use them for farming.

Early Farming

Domestication

Domestication is the taming of animals for human use.

The main result of the domestication of animals was that humans had a ready supply of meat and animal products.

Domestication

Catal Huyuk

An ancient town found in south-central Turkey and was home to 5-6,000 people who lived in 1,000 dwellings.

Catal Huyuk

Question of the Day

Why did the development of agriculture lead to the establishment of villages?

Ur in Sumer

Agriculture marked a big change in how people lived together. People began living in larger, more organized communities, such as farming villages and towns.

Ur in Sumer

Civilization

According to most scholars, the development of a complex culture or civilization, requires certain advances. These advances became possible several thousand years ago in Sumer.

The Characteristics of a Civilization are;

-advanced cities

-specialized workers

-complex institutions

-record keeping

-advanced technology

The City of Ur

The City of Ur in Sumer was home to more than 30,000 people during the bronze age.

Ur

Barter

In ancient cities, marketplaces were established. With in these marketplaces, good appeared and people would barter to exchange what they had for what they needed.

Barter

Farming

Farming in the desert of modern day Iraq was hard. However, farmers dug ditches to help bring water to their crops. This was called irrigation.

Irrigation is the bringing of water to crops to help them grow. This water helped to produce food surpluses which allowed people to develop other skills.

Irrigation

Specialization

Specialization is the development of skills in a specific kind of work.

Such specialization among workers allowed for the production of a variety of goods.

Specialization

Artisans

Artisans are skilled workers who make goods by hand.

Artisans

Scribes

Scribes are professional record keepers and invented a system of writing which was called cuneiform, meaning "wedge-shaped".

Scribes

Institutions

At the top of the social class system, monarchs directed the government, which was one of the institutions that provided organization within the city.

They are a long-lasting pattern of organization in a community. These include government, religion, and the economy.

Institutions

Ziggurat

Also of high social rank were the priests who directed activities at the ziggurat, the center of of the religious life of the city.

Question of the Day

Q of A

Why were cities important in the development of a civilization?

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