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The Big Bang Theory
Biblical account of Creation: Genesis Chapter 1.
Gen. 1:1- In the beginning God created the heavens, the Earth, and light
Gen. 1:6- God created the heavens, land, and oceans
Gen. 1:11- God created vegetation
Gen. 1:14- God created the sun and moon
Gen. 1:20- God created animals
Gen. 1:27- God created man
Gen. 2:2 - God rested
Scientific Clues
Archaeologists are scientists who dig in the ground and look for artifacts.
Artifacts are human-made objects, such as tools and jewelry.
These items might hint at how people dressed, what work they did, or how they worshiped.
These scientiests study culture through examining artifacts at a dig and recreating a picture of early people's cultural behavior.
Culture- a people's unique way of life, including customs, family life, and social relationships.
Paleolithic Age- also called the Old Stone Age lasted from about 2.5 million to 8000 BC.
Early man used chopping tools during this era.
Neolithic Age- began about 8000 BC and ended around 3000 BC.
Early man used polished stone tools, made pottery, grow crops, and raise animals.
The earliest humans, who began walking upright, were called australopithecines.
The earliest footprints caused by these hominids were discovered by Mary Leaky in Africa.
Hominids- humans and other creatures that walk upright, such as australopithecines
The first early people to be skeletally identical to modern humans.
Compare and contrast Homo habilis and Cro-Magnons, using what we believe today to be true about their lives and accomplishments.
Nomads were highly mobile people who moved from place to place foraging, or searching, for new sources of food.
Daily Activities included;
-digging up plants
-making and repairing tools
-finding secure places to rest
Hunter-Gatherers are nomadic groups whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods.
This way of life makes it impossible to live in permanent dwellings.
This time refers to when humans developed agriculture.
Slash-and-burn farming refers to clearing land for farming.
Early mankind cut trees or grasses to clear fields and use them for farming.
Domestication is the taming of animals for human use.
The main result of the domestication of animals was that humans had a ready supply of meat and animal products.
An ancient town found in south-central Turkey and was home to 5-6,000 people who lived in 1,000 dwellings.
Why did the development of agriculture lead to the establishment of villages?
Agriculture marked a big change in how people lived together. People began living in larger, more organized communities, such as farming villages and towns.
According to most scholars, the development of a complex culture or civilization, requires certain advances. These advances became possible several thousand years ago in Sumer.
The Characteristics of a Civilization are;
-advanced cities
-specialized workers
-complex institutions
-record keeping
-advanced technology
The City of Ur in Sumer was home to more than 30,000 people during the bronze age.
In ancient cities, marketplaces were established. With in these marketplaces, good appeared and people would barter to exchange what they had for what they needed.
Farming in the desert of modern day Iraq was hard. However, farmers dug ditches to help bring water to their crops. This was called irrigation.
Irrigation is the bringing of water to crops to help them grow. This water helped to produce food surpluses which allowed people to develop other skills.
Specialization is the development of skills in a specific kind of work.
Such specialization among workers allowed for the production of a variety of goods.
Artisans are skilled workers who make goods by hand.
Scribes are professional record keepers and invented a system of writing which was called cuneiform, meaning "wedge-shaped".
At the top of the social class system, monarchs directed the government, which was one of the institutions that provided organization within the city.
They are a long-lasting pattern of organization in a community. These include government, religion, and the economy.
Also of high social rank were the priests who directed activities at the ziggurat, the center of of the religious life of the city.
Why were cities important in the development of a civilization?