Occupational Adaptation Model

OTPF4

9

Categories

Occupations

Activities characterized by three properties:

1. Active participation,

2. Meaning to the person,

3. A product that is the output of a process

Occupation

specific

>100

Occupations

Adaptations

OA MODEL and OTPF4

"The client's effective and efficient response to occupational and contextual demands" (Grajo, 2019).

Adaptation is embedded in all outcomes of the OTPF4:

Occupation, prevention, health and wellness, quality of life, participation, role competence, well-being, occupational justice

Adaptations

OA Model

3 Elements

• DESIRE FOR MASTERY

Intrinsic desire to do well

• DEMAND FOR MASTERY

(ENVIRONMENT)

Sit in chair, raise hand

• PRESS FOR MASTERY

Key in creating occupational

challenges that student may

find easy or hard based on

ability to adapt to the press

OA Model

Elements

Outcome

Details

Adaptation as a Process

& Outcome

“Performance calls for an occupational environment to support the occupational response and includes the contest in which occupations occur (self-maintenance,

play, and leisure)”

- Schkade & Schultz, 1992.

"Doing" process

Tool

Example

Case Study

(O'Brien, J., p. 140)

Raven is a 55-year-old woman who was hospitalized with a brain aneurysm, which affected her speech, right-sided movement, and cognitive abilities. Raven is unable to remain standing for long periods of time, and she needs frequent breaks during seated activities. Raven experiences difficulty with memory and poor concentration. The occupational therapist meets with Raven on her first day on the rehabilitation unit.

Examples

OCCUPATION: Raven works as an assistant manager at a grocery store. She takes care of her family and is involved in the church. She enjoys socializing with others. Currently, she is unable to engage in these occupations because of right-sided weakness, slurred speech, and fatigue.

ADAPTATION: The OT practitioner changes the demands of the occupation of socializing by allowing Raven to sit in a chair and visit with family members for short periods of time. The OT practitioner provides Raven with short projects in which she can participate with her grandchildren when they visit. This helps Raven continue her nurturing occupations while helping her gain function.

1. Activity Selection

Facilitating Change

• Patient and therapist select one or more occupational activities for outcome measurement

• Activity selected is drawn from the those identified as part of the primary treatment focus during initial OA assessment

• Activity selected to measure change in relative mastery must not be one in which the patient has had direct training or experience

• A degree of measurement in the activity is necessary for the therapist to determine whether the associated outcomes of self-initiation and generalization are occurring

Activity

Selection

Activity

Selection

2. Levels of Performance

Levels of Performance

Patient and therapist determine the criteria that describe the levels of expected occupational performance for each part of relative mastery (ie. What will constitute efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction).

Measurement

The patient and therapist decide how often measurement is to occur. After each measurement of relative mastery, the patient and the therapist collaborate to plot the results. The baseline measurement is decided by the patient.

3. Measurement

GENERATION: How an adaptive process is created

=

Energy: Primary, Secondary

Cognitive/Does not last, Creative energy

Modes (Patterns): Existing, Modified, New

Behaviors: Hyperstability, Hypermobility, Blended

Generation

"Adaptative Gestalt" = "Doing" the response

Sensorimotor, psychosocial and cognitive components of the person

Evaluation

EVALUATION

Questions asked to see if client has met "mastery"

• Was it effective? Did the response have the desired outcome?
• Was it efficient? Did the response take reasonable amount of time?
• Was it satisfying to the person? Is the person content?
• Was it satisfactory to others? Are others content with response?

If any answer is no, then relative mastery has not been acheived.

Integration

Client takes feedback through the process and adjusts (formulates new adaptive response)

Integration

Subprocess

Build the company/team you wanted to work at when you graduated.

Discussion

Build a company where you'd be proud for your kids and grandkids to work.

Discussion

SHOW YOUR MASTERY!

Build a company that builds people.