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The 5 Phases of the Fur Trade
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The 5 Phases of the Fur Trade
Phase 1 The Early Fur Trade
By:Dayla.Y 7b
-Cod fishing began the early fur trade
-First Nations people began to trade with the Europeans who came for fish
-British set up stations on land to dry the fish
-French came to land to refill their water supply
-Early fur trade benefitted both Europeans & First Nations people
Phase 5 Monoply In The West
-Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) & Northwest Company (NWC) merged
-Competition between HBC & NWC led to shootings, fights, & hostage takings
1821: Britain ended the conflict by merging the two companies
-HBC began to lose their monopoly, as independent Metis traders won a court case that allowed them to supply pemmican & furs to the Americans
-Britain worried that they would lose Rupert’s Land
-Trade declined in the West
-Fur trade began to lose its importance
-Buffalo began to disappear
-Beaver became scarce and there was less of a demand for furs in Europe
-1869: Rupert’s land was sold to Canada
Phase 2 Expantion Inland
Phase 3 Rival Networks
Phase 4 The Drive West
-France dominated North America during this phase
-New France was permanently settled at this time
-Fur trade was central to the economy in New France
-Quebec & Montreal were critical for the fur trade network that ran along the St. Lawrence river
-Quebec City was where importing & exporting to France occurred
French Wendat (Ouendat), Mi’kmaq, Innu& Kichesiprini were all partners in fur trade
-Britain established the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) in 1670
-HBC competed directly with France
-Britain offered a group of Merchants a monopoly in Rupert’s Land
-Cree & Nakota worked for both the British & the French
-Anishinabe & Coureurs de Bois worked solely for the French
-Northwest Company took over the French trade network
-It was British owned but had French & Metis working for them
-New France became a British colony in 1763
-French just focused on fur trade
-British focused on farming & the land
-Eventually farming pushed the fur traders off the land