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Life in New France
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Life in New France
Farming
When settlers arrived to New France, they needed to work hard to clear the land so that it could be farmed. Farmers cut down trees in order to make room to grow crops.
Fact: It took 10 years for newly settled colonists to be able to live entirely off of their land!
1. Farming
- wheat used to make flour
- oats
- corn
- barley
- tobacco
- vegetable gardens
- fruit trees
- livestock like pigs, cattle and poultry
Crops/Livestock
Responsibilities Based on the Season
Seasons
Spring - fix fences, ploughs and seeds land
Summer - plants hay for animals to eat in the winter, harvests cereal crops
Fall - stores grain, brings in animals, stacks wood, prepares soil
Winter - takes care of animals, cuts trees for firewood
Food Sources
2. Food Sources
The only food items that were shipped over from Europe were food items that could not be grown or made in New France. Food that was shipped was extremely expensive. Most food that was consumed in New France was food that was grown or hunted. Some animals that were hunted were duck, deer, moose and bear. People also fished for cod, salmon and trout. Farmers grew fruits and vegetables. With all of this food, the people of New France were able to make delicious meals.
Land Use
3. Land Use
St. Lawrence River
The St. Lawrence River
The river was used to water crops and animals. It was also used for fishing and a way of getting from one place to another. There were very few roads. Often the only way to visit your neighbours was to travel by canoe. Boats also took food, grown by farmers, to the towns and villages.
The best land was the land that was backing onto the St. Lawrence River directly (the first row) because those settlers had the easiest access to the water!
Seigneuries
The land in New France was divided into seigneuries. The man in charge of a seigneury was called a Seigneur. He would divide up his seigneury into strips of land and would keep a large section for himself and his family. When settlers arrived, they were given free land on the seigneury. In return for this land, the settlers (also called Habitants) were expected to give their loyalty to the King. Most of the land was still covered with trees so it had to be cleared and settled before crops were planted.
Daily Life
4. Daily Life
Life was hard for the Habitants. They had to first clear their land by cutting down trees with an axe and removing tree stumps and rocks. They then had to grow crops. They grew wheat for bread and hay for their animals. They raised chickens and pigs, kept cows for milk and meat, sheep for wool, and horses to pull plows and sleighs.
Children had many farm chores to do such as weeding and tending to the garden.
Even though life was hard, it was better than what they could expect in France. In New France, they owned their own farms and there was plenty of wood for heating and lots of fish and wild animals for eating.
Chores
Diseases
Diseases such as cholera and smallpox provided hardships for many families and wiped out Aboriginal populations.
When they weren't working, Habitants liked to visit friends and family.
Everyone was religious and went to church every week. On church holidays, no one worked. There were parish parties all through the year. The Roman Catholic Church did not approve of dancing except on certain days. Often these dances lasted far into the night. Such events had lots of good food, singing, and dancing.
People loved to play cards. Most homes had a deck of cards. They also loved to play tric-trac (similar to backgammon), checkers and galet.
5. Fun
New France Poster
6. Your Task
Create a poster advertising "New France" to the citizens of France. You will be creating the poster from the King's perspective. You will want to include images/words displaying the benefits of moving to New France.
You must include at least TWO benefits from the King's perspective. You must also include at least TWO of the positive physical characteristics of the area.
On the other side of the poster, you must write a short paragraph explaining the importance of the pictures and words that you included on the poster.
Use the information used from this Prezi and also use the notes taken in past history classes to help you.
Use lots of colour!
DUE: Friday December 7 !!!