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Health Beliefs and Practices of Brazil

Hannah, Anna, Jordan, Rich

Payer Sources

STRUCTURE

Health is a right of all and an obligation of the State, guaranteed by socioeconomic policies which seek the reduction of the risk of diseases and of other grievances and to the universal and equal access to the actions and services in its promotion, protection and recuperation"- Brazilian Constitution

Sistema Unico de Suade

"Health is a universal right"

Developed in 1980s SUS focuses on 3 main principles

  • Individuals have a universal right to comprehensive healthcare at all levels of complexity
  • Decentralization with responsibility given to three levels of government
  • Social participation in formulating and monitoring the implementation of health policies through three government councils

Universal Public Health

Financed through three levels of government

  • Federal: minimum 15%
  • State: minimum 12%
  • Municipal: minimum 15% (in reality closer to 24% contribution)

Public Health

All residents and visitors (including undocumented) have access to free healthcare services

77% of Brazilians rely solely on SUS for healthcare.

23% of middle and upper class residents have private insurance most as a benefit from employment.

Private insurance is voluntary and supplemental to SUS

Private insurance offers care through their own facilities or accredited organizations and can reimburse for healthcare services.

Private Coverage

• Preventative services

• Immunizations

• Primary care

• Outpatient specialty

• Hospital

• Maternity care

• Mental health services

• Pharmaceuticals

• Physical therapy

• Optometry

• Dental

• Medical equipment

• Hearing aids

• Home care

• Organ transplant

• Oncology

• Renal dialysis

• Blood therapy

Services

Health Care Statistics

STATISTICS

  • Brazil is the most populous country and the largest healthcare market in Latin America and the Caribbean.
  • Infant mortality rate: 12.4 deaths per 1,000 births.
  • Average Life expectancy in Brazil is 76.17 years.
  • Around 211 million people live in Brazil currently.

Additional Information

Additional Information

  • About 20 percent of the population is considered obese.
  • 10 percent of the population happen to be smokers.
  • There are around 7,400 hospitals in Brazil
  • There are approximately 472,000 doctors in Brazil.

BELIEFS

Portuguese

African

Indian

Catholicism

Candomble

Umbanda

BELIEFS

Influence of:

Cultures

Religions

Regions

"a conflict between 'civilization' and 'tradition'."

CUSTOMS

CUSTOMS

  • Health: absence of pain, suffering, disease; divine blessing

  • Sickness: Family makes decisions

  • Medication: Pharmaceutical + Folk remedies

  • Treatment vs. Prevention

  • Communication: Barriers to clarity

Patient Access

PHYSICAL THERAPY

  • Patients treated by SUS need referral from PCP to access physical therapy treatment
  • Citizens covered by private health insurance need referral from PCP, but free to choose any PT facility in network with insurance
  • Patients can seek PT treatment in private clinic without a referral

Preparation

Preparation

  • Undergrad degree required (5 yr program)
  • 4500 hours of study with at least 800 in practical internship
  • Bachelor in Physical Therapy
  • 503 PT programs

Salary

Salary

SOURCES

SOURCES

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1913083/

https://libraryguides.umassmed.edu/diversity_guide/brazilian

https://www.commonwealthfund.org/international-health-policy-center/countries/brazil#care-delivery-and-payment

https://www.publichealth.columbia.edu/research/comparative-health-policy-library/brazil-summary

https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Worldwide_Physical_Therapy_Practice_-_Brazil&oldid=209348

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