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Landforms Shaped by Water and Wind

Chapter 9 Lesson 2

Water Erosion and Deposition

Moving water has potential to be incredibly strong. Moving water causes erosion along streams, at beaches, and underground

Water Erosion and Deposition

Water Erosion

Stream Erosion

Streams erode land and transport sediment

The erosion produced by a stream depends on the stream's energy

This energy is usually greatest in steep, mountainous areas where young streams flow rapidly downhill

A meander is a broad, C-shaped curve in a stream

Stream Erosion

Coastal Erosion

Waves crashing onto shore erode loose sand, gravel, and rock along coastlines

A longshore current is a current that flows parallel to the shoreline

This current moves sediment and continually changes the size and shape of beaches

Coastal Erosion

Groundwater Erosion

Water that flows underground also can erode rock

Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum

Groundwater Erosion

Water Deposition

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Water Deposition

Deposition Along Streams

Deposition by a stream can occur anywhere along its path where the water's speed decreases

A delta is a large deposit of sediment that forms where a stream enters a large body of water

Deposition Along Streams

Deposition Along Coastlines

Much of the sand on most ocean beaches was originally deposited by rivers

Longshore currents transport the sand along ocean coasts

Eventually, sand is deposited where currents are slower and have less energy

Deposition Along Coastlines

Groundwater Deposition

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Groundwater Deposition

Land Use Practices

Damage caused by water erosion can be affected by the ways people use land

Land Use Practices

Beach Erosion

Shoreline Groins

Surface Erosion

A floodplain is a wide, flat area next to a river

Floods supply mineral-rich soil that is ideal for farming

One way to decrease flooding on a floodplain is to build a levee

Surface Erosion

Wind Erosion and Deposition

Strong or long-lasting winds can significantly change the land

Wind Erosion and Deposition

Wind Erosion

Abrasion is the grinding away of rock or other surfaces as particles carried by wind, water, or ice scrape against them

Wind Erosion

Valley of Fire in Nevada

Wind Deposition

A dune is a pile of windblown sand

Loess is a crumbly, windblown deposit of silt and clay

Wind Deposition

Land Use Practices

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Land Use Practices

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