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Fatigue Management

ITF Association

Susan Sawatzky

President of In-Scope Solutions

Empowering Workplace Solutions

In-Scope

Strategic Solutions for Human Risk Factors Including Balancing Fatigue

Risks and Operational Demands

Instructor at These Universities

Unique

Why is Fatigue Difficult to Manage?

Fatigue

High Risk Schedule

  • Shift work, night shifts
  • Long shifts or rotations, etc.

Driving requirements and/or long commutes

Safety sensitive work

Irregular work hours:

  • dynamic shifts
  • on call/call outs
  • seasonally high workloads

Physically and/or mentally demanding work requirements

Monotonous work tasks

Demographics

  • Aging workforce (significant # over 40)

Other relevant factors like:

  • high stress
  • chaotic environments
  • work in remote locations
  • high travel demands

Understanding and Managing Fatigue

FIRA Results

Safety

Health

Errors

Safety Culture

Productivity

Associated Costs

13% of all Workplace Injuries have fatigue as a contributing factor

Fatigue and Safety

Safety

Cambell Institute

1000 Workers From Various Industries (2019)

Understanding Impacts

Fatigue Impacts Us

Common Incidents

Workplace Signs to be Aware of:

  • Inattentive or 'zoning out'
  • Increased tendency for risk-taking
  • Struggle to make decisions
  • Increased errors in judgement
  • Clumsy, dropping things, tripping

Safety Research

Fatigue among top 5 causes of worker error

Driving is one of the highest risk tasks

Working more than 50 hours per week almost doubles the risk of making an error.

Fatigue is 4X more likely to contribute to workplace impairment than drugs or alcohol.

Sleep deprived employee is almost 3X more likely to be involved in a workplace incident

Up to 93% of all employers feel that fatigue is a safety issue, though only 72% of employees agree

Where is Your Company?

How Fatigue Impacts Health

Health

Overall Health

Sleep

Exercise

Nutrition

Improves Your Heart Health

Regular sleep deprivation can cause a

40% increase risk of

cardiovascular disease

Y Fujino and others. A prospective cohort study of shift work and risk of ischemic heart disease in Japanese male workers, American Journal of Epidemiology, volume 164, pages 128-135, 2006

Fatigue and Mental Health

Shift workers, and those chronically deprived of sleep, have significantly higher incidents of depression and anxiety

True or False?

Fatigue makes you fat?

True! and there is a lot of research to support this.

  • Sleep is needed for hormonal appetite regulation

  • Too little sleep often leaves you extra hungry the next day
  • Sleep loss leads to wanting larger portions and craving more calories
  • Your body’s response to compensate for your lower energy levels

What's Stopping Us?

Barriers to Fatigue Management

Lack of Awareness

  • Not recognized as a health and safety hazard
  • Not everyone is aware of best strategies to manage it

Barriers

Misconceptions

  • False belief that reduced hours is the only strategy available
  • Part of our work culture - we rewards fatigue via incentives
  • Overcoming the "Superman" mentality

Lack of Information

  • Minimal fatigue education or training
  • Fatigue not recognized in minor incidents
  • Companies not using comprehensive mitigation strategies

What were your first thoughts?

Fatigue 101: Physiology

Science

Empower with Understanding

The Amazing Thing Our Brain Does...

MP4 Version of Mice Video here

Well Rested Brain

Sleep Deprived Brain

When We Sleep.

Sleep Cycles

Quantity & Quality

Each Cycle is 90 - 120 Minutes

Circadian Rhythms

Circadian Rhythms Effect:

  • Body Temperature
  • Blood Pressure
  • Heart Rate
  • Blood Sugars
  • Digestive Enzymes
  • Hormone Production

Circadian Rhythms

Melatonin

Adenosine

Blood Pressure

Heart Rate

Blood Sugars Irregular

Digestive Enzymes

Organizational Mitigation

Mitigation

Best Practices

Company Fatigue Strategies

Schedule and Work Optimization

Fatigue Policies, Procedures, Protocols

Fatigue Competency Training

Fatigue in Incident Investigation Process

Fatigue Embedded in Existing Safety Systems

Nixon 1979

Cambell Institute

Developed Collaboratively

Accommodation Strategies

https://www.usw2009.ca/sitecm/i/image003-eng.jpg?Width=440

Fatigue Management Training

Fatigue Countermeasures

Counter

Measures

Fatigue Competency Training

True! In the long run only sleep will cure fatigue.

True or False: The only way to cure fatigue is through sleep?

Sleep Test: Are You Getting Enough?

1. Do you need an alarm clock to wake up in the morning?

2. Does it take you a while get out of bed?

3. Do you need lots of stimulants (caffeine) during the day?

40% of adults are not getting enough sleep on a regular basis

4. Do you tend to zone out or perform tasks on autopilot?

5. Do you sleep longer on your days off?

30% of adults get less than 6 hours of sleep a night

6. Do you almost always fall asleep whenever you are in a comfortable place?

63% - About 2/3 of adults say their sleep needs are not being met during the work week.

40% - News.Gallop.com 2013; 30% - Lack of Sleep Called Global Epidemic, CBC News, Mar 18, 2011; 63% - 2011 Sleep in America Poll

Practice Good Sleep Hygiene

Dark & Cool Room

  • Try light blocking window coverings and a turn down the temperature

Quiet Room

  • Try Ear Plugs or White Noise

Avoid Non-sleep Triggers

  • Avoid exercise, heavy meals, alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, etc.

Keep the Same Schedule

  • Have routines and keep to the same schedule

Use Light Wisely

  • Limit bright lights 30 - 60 mins before bed
  • Limit screen time - TV, computer, phone
  • Reading in lower light
  • Get lots of light exposure in the morning

Light

Rules

10 000 Lux

Within 1 hour of waking (or your intended morning)

Use for only 30 minutes

Don't look directly at the light

Sleep Disorders

  • Common - approximately 15% of the general population
  • Up to 25% of men over 45 in some industries
  • Sleep Apnea - always exhausted
  • Precursor: wide neck circumference (17" or 43 cm)
  • Symptoms: snoring, stop breathing, exhaustion
  • Screening can be quick and effective
  • Treatment exists
  • Treatment can be life altering

Do You Nap?

Napping

NASA Napping

  • 26 min NASA Nap
  • 34% increase in performance
  • 54 % increase in alertness
  • Improves decision making skills

Alertness management: strategic naps in operational settings, 1995 Rosekind, Smith, et al.

The Secret to Napping

Timing is Everything!

Under 30 Minutes

Over 90 Minutes

Nap in Circadian Lows

You Don't Have to Sleep

Create Your Nap Strategy

Practice as Needed

1.bp.blogspot.com/-XNZLKAcBLl4/T1AeleDmDGI/AAAAAAAAAL8/x2_hQ2qG2Lc/s1600/1207napstrap.jpg

Blood Sugars Rise and Fall Quickly

Blood Sugars Rise and Fall Slowly

Repeated Hunger Cravings

Reduced Hunger Cravings

Blood Sugars Stay Irregular

Blood Sugars Stabilize

Reduce Fatigue

  • Pull over and take a break
  • Get out of the vehicle

Eliminate Fatigue

  • Be well rested first
  • Take a nap

Very Short Term

Temporarily Hold off Fatigue

  • Stimulate your environment: music, ventilation, coffee

“He died peacefully in his sleep…”

The Nappuccino

coffee-Pixabay 171653_1920

Conclusion

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