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Chapter 9: Cristel Kilgore, Bryan Gama, Christopher Tran, & Jeremiah Martinez 10B
3
Chapter 9:
The Worlds of Islam
600-1450
Philosophies
Caste system: It developed as a result of ethnic segregation between the foreign conquerors (Ashraf) and the local converts (Ajlaf).
The pillars of islam were thought to be a message from the god. 1st pillar expresses the heart message, 2nd pillar
Timeline
4 Timelines:
The Islamic Heartland:
656-692:
1258:
Mongols end Abbasid caliphate
Civil war in the Arab Empire; beginning of Sunni-Shia division.
The Islamic Heartland
570-632
756-900
Life of Muhammad
Flourishing of Abbasid caliphate
800-1000
Emergence of Sufism
661-750
Umayyad caliphate
Eastern Islamic World:
751
1453
Battle of Talas River
Ottoman conquest of constantinople in Anatolia; end of Byzantine Empire
Eastern Islamic World
633-644
1206
Muslim conquest of Persian Sassanid Empire
Sultanate of Delhi established in India
1000
Beginning of Turkic Muslim conquests in India
1352-1354
Africa:
Ibn Battuta's visit to West Africa
Africa
1000-1300
Penetration of Islam into West Africa
642-698
1464-1492
Arab conquest of North Africa
Sonni Ali rules Songhay
1324
Mansa Musa's Pilgrimage to Mecca
Europe:
1359-1481
Ottoman conquests in southeastern Europe
ca. 900-1000
Golden age of Muslim Spain
Europe
711-718
1492
Muslim conquest of Spain
Christian reconquest of Spain completed
1095-1291
Christian Crusades
Maps:
World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted
Maps
Documents
Documents
Civilizations:
Few years later of Muhammad's death arab armies engaged the byzantine and Persian Sassanian empires.
Arab armies defeated the chinese forces in the battle of the Talas river
Civilizations
Kingly Ideas
-Quran became the sacred scriptures of Islam most muslims regard the words of god and their faith.
-The core messages of the Quran were summarized into the pillars of islam
-In Islam Allah was the only god
and the all powerful creator.
Vocabulary
Sikhism:
Vocabulary #1
Is a religion that began with the teachings of Nanak and nine successive human gurus.
Sufism:
Vocabulary #2
A mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life.
Umma:
Vocabulary #3
The muslim community or people, considered to extend from Mauritania and Pakistan.
Quran:
Vocabulary #4
The sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Mednia.
Muhammad:
Vocabulary #5
An Arab prophet who founded Islam.
9 Questions:
7. How did the Islamic world find their expressions?
Answer: In various forms from Sunni, Shia, Sufi, Arab, Persian, Turkic, West African during the first Muslim Millenium.
1. How has the concept of human rights evolved over time?
Answer: when Muhammad died the caliph was known as the successor to the prophet Muhammad . The caliph was to represent as Muhammad
4. How does belief influence action?
Answer: belief influences action by people in islam had to follow the five pillars which would determine their faith and they are referred as believers
Questions
2. How do resources affect cooperation and conflict?
Answer: In islam if one civilization has no resources they would go into battle to obtain those resources
5. What can happen when diverse cultures interact?
Answer: if cultures diverse there can be less battles between the civilizations,
8. What caused Islam to spread out immediately?
Answer: People had converted to Islam as a matter of spirituality, but overall it was a social conversion that was motivated by convenience instead of convictions.
3. What are the conditions necessary for peace?
Answer: the conditions are to be loyal to the arab army. Become allies with Muhammad and respect towards Muhammad and the arab army
9. How much influence had Islam had in the world compared to Christianity?
Answer: Islam took influence in many cultures and had appeared in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Civilization, while Christianity appeared in the small amount of Middle Eastern people.
6. How is power distributed and exercised?
Answer: power in islam is distributed by Muhammad and the arab army