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Artistic Compilation
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Artistic Compilation
Brooklyn Mamer
Introduction to the Art of Hair Design
Introduction
What is Hair Design?
Hair design is the art of arranging and sculpting the hair to create temporary changes in the form and texture of the finished design. Humans have been using hair design as means of statement, expression, or practicality reasons for thousands of years.
Principles and Elements of Design
Design
The Three Design Elements;
- Form
- Texture
- Colour
Form; the three dimension aspect of hair design which consists of length, width, and depth. Shape is the two dimensional representation of form. Both shape and form are often used interchangeably to address the boundary, outline, or silhouette of a design. The most common categories of form include rectilinear, triangular and curvilinear.
Texture; the feeling or visual appearance of a surface. Texture is divided into two distinct categories; activated and unactivated. When a hair design is classified as "activated," it means the hair has more texture. When it is unactivated, it means the hair was sculpted to create a smooth form.
Colour; the visual representation of reflected light. Colour is used acutely in hair design to create dimension as well as depth. Colour can also be used to create or compliment texture of a sculpture. It can be either bold or subtle depending on the individual's preference.
Design Principles
Design principles are arrangement patterns for the design elements to follow.
The four major principles are;
- repetition
- alternation
- progression
- contrast
Repetition
Repetition in hair design is the focus on how elements of a design are used more than once in varying ways. All units are identical, but vary in the changes of position. Repetition refers to one style, shape, or colour repeated in a hair design.
Alternation
A sequence of two or more units in a repeating pattern is alternation. it can break up the surface, creating dimension and interest. Alternation can be used to create form, add texture, or in a colour application.
Progression
In progression, all units are similar, yet the gradually change proportionately in an ascending or descending scale. Progression can lead the eye withing a design or draw attention to a point of interest.
Contrast
Contrast is the complimentary relationship of opposite colors.
Solid Form
Consists of length that progress from shorter in the exterior to longer in the interior. Unactivated surface texture and maximum weight at the form line.
Solid Form
How To
How to:
- Keep head in an upright position
- Section the hair into four quadrants
- Use the cutting comb to take the first horizontal parting in the nape
- Comb the hair parting into natural distribution
- Position shears parallel to your fingers and fingers parallel to your parting
- Sculpt from the center to left, then sculpt the right to the center
- Check accuracy by comparing length on both sides
- Continue working up the back of the head, using consistent horizontal partings, natural distribution and no projection
- Avoid tension and projection, which would lead to activation
- Use previous sections as a stationary guide
Graduated
Consists of a shorter exterior, while gradually progressing into longer lengths in the interior.
Graduated
How To
How To:
- Section the hair with a middle part from the forehead to the nape
- Release a diagonal forward parting at either side of the nape
- With no projection, sculpt the guideline with fingers parallel to the partings
- Start from the center and work towards the left, then right working towards the center, making your mobile design line
- Release next parting parallel to the first
- Project about 30 degrees using perpendicular distribution
- Position fingers and sculpt parallel
- Work upwards, subdividing for control and maintaining perpendicular distribution and 30 degree projection
- Compress hair around the ear to prevent inconsistent length
- At the crest area, distribute and project partings to the stationary design line
- Since there are no diagonal forward partings at the top, distribute lengths following the perpendicular distribution in the previously sculpted section.
- Soften front corners horizontally, using minimal projection
Increase Layered
Lengths are shorter around the face with extreme length increase towards the nape.
Increased Layer
How To
How To:
- Sculpted using vertical partings and a parallel finger position
- Start by sectioning from the front hairline to the nape
- Release a small section from the front hairline
- In natural fall, sculpt a guide at the desired length
- Use thie guide to determine the potition of the vertical design line
- Release a vertical parting at the center front hairline and distribute forward with perpendicular distribution
- Position fingers parallel to the parting and sculpt from the center to one side
- Sculpt the other side to the center to establish the stationary design line
- Release the next parting on one side and project forward to the stationary design line
- Sculpt parallel from the top of the parting to the bottom
- Continue using vertical partings extended to the stationary design at the hairline
- Continue using perpendicular distribution and a vertical finger position while working towards the bottom of each parting
- When you reach the crown, begin taking pivotal partings
- Use 0 degree projection as you direct each parting around the curve of the head to the design line
- Proceed to the other side using the same steps
- Refine perimeter
Uniform Layered
Lengths are equal throughout the sculpture, resulting in a rounded form
Uniform
How To:
How To
- Section from the apex to the ears, then section a rectangle from the front hairline to the apex. Section from the apex to the center nape
- Starting in the center of the front hair line, take a thin horizontal parting.
- Sculpt your guidline to the desired length
- With a mobile design line and a 90 degree projection, take horizontal partings working your way back to the apex.
- Use thin partings to ensure accurate projection
- Take vertical partings at the front hairline, sclupting parallel to your fingers
- Subdivide partings for control, starting at the top and working downwards
- Complete the same steps on the other side
- Move to the back and release the left side. Take a thin vertical parting adjacent to the center back
- Project 90 degrees from the curve of the head and sculpt
- Use palm-up hand position to sculpt the nape
- Use pivotal partings for the remainder of this section
- Repeat on the other side
- Cross check at 90 degrees and refine perimeter
Marcel Wave
A similar outcome as fingerwaving, using a curling iron.
Texture 1.0
How To:
How To
1. Take 1/2-1" sections and iron with the handle down (clamp on the bottom)
2. Place the barrel parallel to your part, approximately 2-3 inches down the hairstrand and position the iron and proceed to clamp
3. Once the hair has been clamped, hold or roll the hair around the barrel to deepen the wave
4. Once you have completed the first wave, hold the strand so that it is not being tugged while cooling
5. Flip the iron over and clamp it, which will exaggerate the crest of the wave
6. Continue this fashion, supporting curls as they cool and finishing with a hair spray.
Air Forming
This strategic styling technique can create a variety of different volumes and textures including; under bevel, over bevel, curl and direction
Texture 2.0
How To
1. After shampooing, determine the size of round brush you desire
2. Comb the wet hair and tousel dry to about 90%
3. Start at the base using base control
4. Work base to mid-strand, and mistrand to ends
5. At the ends, curl all the hair around the brush and up towards the base
6. Wait several seconds for the cuticle to cool and set or "cold shot" with the blow dryer
Curls
You can create curls using several different techniques. You can have different consistencies based on the diameter of the tool you use.
Texture 3.0
How To
- Making sure the hair is clean and dry, add a heat protecting product
- Using a base-to-ends method, the curling iron is initially places slightly away from the base
- Turn the curling iron half a turn up towards the base
- Hold for a few seconds, then pull the curling iron down and roll towards the scalp again
- Continue this procedure until the entire strand is in the curling iron
- Work from the exterior to the interior for the best possible results
- Finish with a holding spray
Crimping
Hair crimping is a method of styling usually straight, long hair so that it becomes wavy, often in a sawtooth / zig-zag fashion.
Texture 4.0
How To
- Start by spritzing your hair with heat protecting spray and then use a straightener to smooth over fly aways.
- Center part you hair and lift a wide-section close to your parting. Clip back the rest of your hair.
- Now crimp the section of hair, starting from the top of your head and working your way down to the ends. Do the same on the other side of your parting.
- End with a finishing spray
How To
Colour Design Techniques
Designing colour includes the identification of the existing and desired colour, along with the patterns, shapes, and techniques that will be used to create the colour design.
Color Techniques
Repetition
This solid classic look can be achieved using repetition. It can be used throughout the design or just in a specific area. This technique creates a uniform look
Progression
In progression colour technique, the colour beings at a medium brown (level 5) and fades to a level 7 and then gradually to it's lightest point which is about a level 9. A light, feathering technique is used in this colour application and the inconsistency of colour helps make a smooth transition
Contrast
This color technique is contrasted with a dark brown and lightened to a bright blonde using repetition and a slicing technique. This technique creates dimension.
Uniform-Graduated
Combination Haircut
To create this style, airform with a bevel-under effect. Flat ironing will further enhance the smooth style which makes this look elegant.
How To
- With a center part, section from the front hiarline to the nape.
- Then section the interior from the exterior with a horse-show parting slightly above the center crest.
- Being parting at the center back of the exterior.
- Releaase a vertical parting and use high projection.
- Position your fingers for a high line of inclination.
- Sculpt working from the center to one side using a mobile design line.
- Work towards the ear using the same sculpting technique.
- Then snulpt from the center back to the opposite side and work to the ear.
- Move to one side, taking vertical partings behind the ear as a mobile design line and sculpt, working towards the front
- When you reach the front hairline, shift the parting back to the previously sculpted parting, then sculpt.
- This results in a subtle length increase towards the face.
- Work to the front of the other side, checking for symmetry.
- Project lengths of the exterior straight out and sculpt any lengths that stick out. These lengths now serve as the stationary guide line.
- Then section the interior with a center part and release a parting parallel to the exterior sectioning line.
- Distribute lengths to the stationary design line, which is projected straight out, and sculpt.
- Continue using the same technique and work up to the center part.
How to (continued)
How To (continued)
- Sculpt the side of the interior.
- Isolate a parting at the front hairline.
- Release a thin parting extending to the back of the interior.
- Use perpendicular distribution and 90 degree projection, fingers parallel to the curve of the head using exterior as a length guide and sculpt.
- Work up to the isolated front hairline.
- Work towards one side using pivotal partings from the crown with 90 degree projection and a mobile design line.
- Work toward the front of the section using horizontal partings
- Move to the other side, beginning in the back of the section with pivotal partings. Work to the front of the section.
- Refine the perimeter and hairline as desired.
Tools Needed
- cutting comb
- shears
- clips
- flat iron
- round brush
- blow dryer
- tail comb
Tools Needed
Germany
Europe
Italy
(female)
Germany Fashion Trends
In Germany, particularly in this photo, you will see that these women are dressed very casually with a motif of tighter tops with baggy or loose pants. It is also common to see platform or stilehetto shoes.
(Male)
In Germany, you will also find men dressed in casual but classy clothing. Youth culture and urban wear are the bulk of young German men's wardrobe, which flips between iconic fashion decades like the Seventies, Eighties and Nineties – for an almost too-cool aesthetic in modern times.
Male Fashion
(female)
Germany Hair Trends
In today's day, you will typically find German women wearing loose curls or low pony tails, similar to styles here in Canada.
Male
A large majority of men in Germany represent the bald fade haircut in today's day and age.
Male
Female
Italy Fashion Trends
In Italy, you will see women dressed in a light jacket or trench coat, bright cololured pants, a chic handbag, and great pair of sunglasses.
Male
Italian men are typicallys seen wearing a well-tailored jacket, form-fitting pants, leather or suede shoes, and a classy scarf.
Male
Female
Flat ironed (straightened) hair is the most popular style among Italian women in modern times.
Italy Hair Trends
Male
A noticable style among men in Italy is keeping the hair at a long length, with a light, stubbly beard.
Male
Morocco
Africa
Ethiopia
Female
Morocco Fashion trends
In Morocco, you will find ladies dressed in maxi dresses, a tunic with leggings, a white blouse with flowy pants, or a jumpsuit with a light scarf.
Male
You might see young men or boys wearing shorts, but as a general rule, long pants are most common. Moroccan men also usually wear collared shirts. Sleeveless T-shirts are not worn, especially in the more rural areas. Men tend to avoid sandals, choosing to usually wear closed toed shoes out of the house.
Male
Female
Morocco Hair trends
In todays day, Moroccan women are often seen embracing their natural curl.
Male
Moroccan men are usually seen with a shhort haircut on the sides with a longer, curly top.
Male
Ethiopia Fashion trends
The Ethiopian traditional costume is made of woven cotton. Ethiopian men and women wear this traditional costume called gabbi or Netella. Women often wear dresses (Kemis) and netella with borders of coloured embroidered woven crosses, but other designs are also used.
Ethiopia Hair trends
Many types of hair styles exists in Ethiopia. Basically, braids, afros, and dreadlocks of monks and pilgrims are common. In major towns however, the wonderful styles are not seen as common as in the rural areas.
Ecuador
South America
Venezuala
Ecuador Fashion Trends
The Ecuadorian woman's dress is the closest to the Incan costumes worn in the Andes. A white blouse, a blue skirt and a shawl is usually worn. Jewelry is very important, layers of necklaces of predominantly gold beads and red coral bracelets are the most common form of jewelry worn by the Otavalo women.
Male
A mans outfit in Ecuador typically consitis of a blue poncho, a fedora or a felt hat, and white pants that are calf lengthed.
Ecuador Hair Trends
The men wear their hair in a shimba. The shimba is a long braid that hangs down the back. Wearing a shimba is a tradition that dates back to pre-inca times. It is so important to Ecuadorian men that when they join the military they are not required to cut it off.
Venezuala Fashion Trends
The traditional clothing in Venezuela is the LiquiLiqui. This clotheIng is mostly used in the flatlands (Llanos), but you can see people using it every where. It's a beautiful linen suit, with a characteristic straight collar. It can be black, blue or grey, but white is the most frequently used color.
Female
Women's traditional outfits consist of long dresses with full, flowing skirts. The material is usually a floral print, reflective of the Venezuela's Spanish and Caribbean influence. The dresses, or blouses if a skirt-and-blouse combination is selected, are often worn off the shoulder or have one sleeve off the shoulder [source: Ahsan]. The outfits frequently feature ruffles, and women usually put flowers in their hair.
Venezuala Hair Trends
In Venezuela the hair style most commonly shown is a shaved head or a Mohawk. If you go into the south part of Venezuela most of the natives have Afros
Singapore
Asia
Thailand
From simple to ornate ethnic wear, Singapore is a melting pot of cultures – whether Chinese, Malay, Indian or Eurasian – whose traditional clothing have played a part in defining the city’s identity. Some traditional pieces of clothing includes the Traditional Chinese Dress, a Baju Kurung, an Kebaya, or a Salwar Kameez
Singapore Fashion Trends
Singapore Hair Trends
In Singapore, you will typically see women styling their hair in a modern, loose curl fashion.
Thailand Hair Trends
Thai women usually stick to traditional hairstyles, such as tight updos with floral accessories
Thailand Fashion Trends
Traditional Thai clothing is called chut thai, which literally means "Thai outfit." It can be worn by men, women, and children. Chut thai for women usually consists of a pha nung or a chong kraben, a blouse, and a sabai.