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11
Oral Stops
Diana Verano Daniel Cardona Maria Velasco
Gabriel Martinez Yoshua Chaparro
Introduction
Introduction:
Stops Meaning in Phonetics
In phonetics, a stop is a sound that is produced when there is a complete obstruction to the airflow in the oral cavity. The stop sound is then produced when the air is allowed to pass through either the oral cavity or the nasal cavit
The oral cavity refers to the area inside the mouth where air passes through.
When the articulators come apart, the airstream wiil be released in a small burst of sound.
This kind of sound occurs in the consonants in the words pie, buy (bilabial closure), tie, dye (alveolar closure), and kye, guy (velar closure)
Bilabial:
(Made with the two lips) Say words such as pie, buy, my and note how the lips come together for the first sound ins each of these words.
Bilabial
Velar:
Velar
Velar: (Back of the tongue and soft palate.) The consonants that have the place of articulations farthes bacj in English. such as hack, hag and hang, in all these sounds, the back of the tongue is raised so that it touches the velum.
Alveolar:
(Tonge tip or blade and the alveolar ridge) There are two possibilieties in English, in the first case you may pronunce words suchs as tie, die, night, sigh, zeal, lie using the tios of the tongue or the blade of the tongue.
Alveolar
Such as tenth dental sound with the toungue touching the upper front teeth.
These are the stop sounds used in English: /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/
Here are the oral stop sounds in English:
/p/ - voiceless bilabial plosive
/b/ - voiced bilabial plosive
/t/ - voiceless alveolar plosive
/d/ - voiced alveolar plosive
/k/ - voiceless velar plosive
The 'p sound' /p/ is unvoiced (the vocal cords do not vibrate while producing it), and is the counterpart to the voiced 'b sound' /b/.
To create the /p/, air is briefly prevented from leaving the vocal tract by closing the lips. The sound is aspirated when the air is released. The aspiration for a /p/ is similar but greater than the aspiration for a /b/.
/p/
Similar to cognate - limited tongue-palate
contact
•Primarily produced with lips and velum
Tongue touches most posterior margins of Quadrants 3 and 4
-Extent of contact
significantly impacted by
surrounding vowels -Plosive phase in all word positions
/b/
Consonant /t/
• You must stop that airflow with your tongue behind your teeth.
• the /t/ sound is made through the mouth, and it is unvoiced.
• Don’t use your vocal chords.
• It is defined by the motion of your tongue, and it is a stop sound.
• This sound made by building up air pressure by stopping air flow and the releasing it.
• You stop the airflow with the tongue against the area behind the top teeth.
• To produce the sound, block the airflow by pacing the front od your tongue behind the top teeth, then release the pressure by pulling the tongue back into your mouth.
/t/
The 'd sound' /d/ is voiced (the vocal cords vibrate while producing it), and is the counterpart to the unvoiced 't sound' /t/.
To create the /d/, air is briefly prevented from leaving the vocal tract when the tip of the tongue presses against the tooth ridge while the sides of the tongue press against the upper side teeth. The sound is aspirated when the air is released. The aspiration for a /d/ is less than the aspiration for a /t/.
/d/
Consonant /k/
• The /k/ sound is made through the mouth, and it is unvoiced.
• Don’t use your vocal chords.
• It is defined by position of your tongue and, and it is a stop sound.
• This sound made by building up air pressure by stopping air flow and the releasing it.
• You stop the airflow between the middle of the tongue and the top of the mouth.
• To produce the sound, push the tongue forward so the middle curls up and touches the top of your mouth and blocks air flow, at the same time create some air pressure by gently trying to breathe out.
• The sound is made when you release the pressure by dropping the tongue down.
/k/
The sound /g/ is a voiced, velar, stop consonant.
Touch your soft palate (the soft part of the roof of your mouth) with the back of your tongue.
Move your tongue sharply downward and let air out in a short burst.
Your vocal cords should vibrate.Iin the Beginning of a syllabe
/gl/ Glass, Glasses,
/gr/ Grow, Green
in the end of a syllabe
/gd/ (gged)-hugged
/gz/ ("gs"/ "guess"/ "x") dogs, rogues, example
"g" - grow, dog
"gg" - bigger, luggage
"gu" - guest, guess
"gue" - vague, rogue