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6 E Welcome to History with Mme Bingoto
1
History
Welcome and good luck
Ms Bingoto
Introduction
Welcome to History class in 6em. my name is Miss Bingoto and i shall be your teacher this year...
In an orderly manner, please introduce yourself to the class. ( Stand up and speak clearly).
Methodology
For this class you will need: a notebook, pens, pencils, coloring pencils, a ruler and highlighters.
You will take notes and have exercises, homework, activities, presentations and evaluations to do.
Methodology
Taking notes
Taking notes
There will be two types of notes.
1. The notes given in class by the teacher. These notes will either be written on the board or projected by the teacher.
2. The notes done by the students. These notes will be written by the student as a summary of the lesson. The students has to use his or her own words.
PS: there is a special grade /20 at the end of the trimester for your notebook.
Homework
Homework and activities
Your homework and activities will be discussed in class and posted on Pronote.
1. Your homework is not optional. It is compulsory and must be done. No homework = sanction.
2. If the homework is not posted on Pronote but it has mentioned in class, it is still homework. You need to write down the instuctions in your homework diary.
3. N'oubliez pas la date et le titre du cours.
Evaluations
Evaluations
1. You will have evaluations and quizes. Your evaluations will be scheduled ahead and announced in class. You will have time to prepare for them. However, your quizes will be spontaneous. You will therefore always have to be ready.
2. Your evaluations can be wriiten test, oral tests or presentations.
3. Your evaluations can also done in groups.
No work, no marks
Groups
Group work
Group work is a key component of your lessons. It is applicable to every student of this class. You will not choose your groups.
Lack of participation = a sanction for the student disturbing the group. Good behaviour = Bonus points.
Key players
You are the key players and you hold your grades in your hands. Not mattter your average in other subjects, I believe that you can succeed and do very well in my class.
Notebook and Next lesson
You have until the next lesson to do your cover page. Make sure you include your name and the subject.
Timeline
These are the themes we will cover this year
VII. Christians in the Roman Empire
V. The birth of Jewish monotheism
III.The world of the Greek city-states
I. One humanity
Timeline
IV. Rome, from myth to history
II. The first states and the first writings
VI. The Roman empire, conquest and romanisation
I. One Humanity
A. The beginning of humanity
Theme 1
Q/ Why do we study History ? ( answer in two sentences in your workbook)
Can you list some of the tools of History you can think of ?
Notes
History is the study of past events, particularly in human affairs. The past considered as a whole. History is also a continuous, typically chronological, record of important or public events or of a particular trend or institution, (Oxford dictionary, 2018).
The timeline is a tool of history. It helps us to organize events through time. Events and dates are placed in chronological order on the timeline.
An archeologist is a person who studies human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains.
Archeologists
Homework: Draw an archeologist and
describe their work ( minimum 3 sentences).
Introduction
A. The First Humans
Goals of this lesson:
- Identify the main parts of prehistory.
- Describe the daily life of prehistoric people.
- Explain how modern people spread around the world.
Look at this image. What does it represent ?
Can you find the modern
man ?
Watch the video and write down the key words in your cloud.
Watch the video and write down the key words in your cloud.
Key words and important events
Hominid: an early ancestor to human beings.
Ancestor: is a relative that lived in the past.
Fossil: the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form.
PS: One of the key steps in human development was the ability to walk freely on two legs.
Notes
a. The first men appear in Africa
Prehistory is divided into two main periods: the Paleolithic (old stone) and the Neolithic (new stone), which is directly followed by the metal ages. Prehistoric people learned to adapt to their environment, to make simple tools, to use fire, and to use language. Prehistory also refers to the period before writing.
The prehistory begins with the apparition of men, 2.5 million years ago. It ends with the invention of writing around 3 300 before Christ (B.C).
Chimpanzees, Australopithecus, and humans first appeared in Africa. That is why Africa is called the "cradle of humankind". The first species of human is called Homo habilis, "handyman". They were the first to use their hands to make tools out of stones. They lived in East and South Africa.
Questions ?
Migrations
The life of Paleolithic (Stone age) people
Stone Age hunter-gatherers had to catch or find everything they ate. They moved from place to place in search of food. They were nomads.
Early Stone Age people hunted with sharpened sticks. Later, they used bows and arrows and spears tipped with flint or bone. People gathered nuts and fruits and dug up roots. They went fishing using nets and harpoons.
People in the Stone Age cut up their food with sharpened stones and cooked it on a fire. They used animal skins to make clothes and shelters.
People in this era lived near rivers, lakes or the coast
Their Houses were easily built – lights branches of trees set into the grounds and covered by skins, grass leaves or brushes tied together by animal hide or guts
In the center of the house or hut was a fireplace
Watch the video carefully
Watch the video carefully
The Neolithic revolution
Gradually the stone age people developed from hunter-gatherers to become farmers.
Farming gave them a more regular supply of food. It meant that they settled for longer on the land and built stronger houses.
New Stone Age people made their houses from wood in round and regular as can be seen in the previous image.
What was the difference between Paleolithic and Neolithic houses?
Migrations
II. The first states and the first writings
Theme 2
Main question
Why is the Middle East called the "cradle of civilization" ?
In this chapter I will:
- Identify the first civilizations that appeared in the Fertile Crescent
- Point out the main rivers of the first human settlements
- Explain how the first states appeared in Mesopotamia and Egypt
- Explain the birth of writing and its importance
Rome
Theme 2
Around 2,000 years ago, the city of Rome was at the centre of a huge empire that stretched from Scotland to Syria.
At the peak of its power, Rome ruled more than 45 million people across Europe, North Africa and Asia. Its army was the most powerful in the world, and as it conquered more land, Rome grew from a town into an enormous capital.
Ancient Rome was home to gleaming white marble temples, lavish palaces and spectacular gladiator shows. With over one million people living there, the city was also a dirty and dangerous place, with a maze of side-streets and slums.
Notes
Do you know what these pictures are about ?
The origins of Rome
The Romans had a story about how their city began. According to legend, Rome was founded by twin brothers, Romulus and Remus, who were the sons of the god Mars.
As babies, the boys were left to drown in the River Tiber by their evil uncle, but they were rescued by a wolf. When the boys were older, they took revenge on their uncle and killed him.
Afterwards, the twins decided to start a new city, but they squabbled about where to build it. Romulus wanted to build it on the Palatine Hill and Remus preferred the Aventine Hill.
To find out who was right, they looked for a sign from the gods. However, they couldn't agree on that either and both thought the gods were favouring them.
One day, the twins got in a fight after Remus made fun of Romulus. Remus was killed and Romulus named the new city 'Roma' after himself!
The Republic
Republic
Ancient Rome had two major periods of history. The first was the Roman Republic which lasted from 509 BC to 27 BC. During this time there was no single leader of Rome. The government was run by elected officials. The second period was the Roman Empire which lasted from 27 BC to 476 AD (Western Roman Empire). During this time the government was led by an emperor.
For nearly 500 years Ancient Rome was governed by the Roman Republic. This was a form of government that allowed for people to elect officials. It was a complex government with a constitution, detailed laws, and elected officials such as senators. Many of the ideas and structures of this government became the basis for modern democracies.
Who were the leaders of the Roman Republic?
The Roman Republic had a number of leaders and groups that helped to govern. Elected officials were called magistrates and there were different levels and titles of magistrates. The Roman Government was very complicated and had lots of leaders and councils.
(You may now glue the list)
The Constitution
The Roman Republic did not have a precise written constitution. The constitution was more of a set of guidelines and principals that were passed down from generation to generation. It provided for separate branches of government and balances of power.
Were all people treated equally in the Republic?
No, people were treated differently based on their wealth, gender, and citizenship. Women did not get the right to vote or hold office. Also, if you had more money, you got more voting power. Consuls, Senators, and Governors only came from the rich aristocracy. This may sound unfair, but it was a big change from other civilizations where the average person had no say at all. In Rome, the regular people could band together and have considerable power through the Assembly and their Tribunes.
Republic to Empire
During the time of the Roman Republic the top leaders of the Roman government were the consuls. There were two consuls at a time and they only served for one year. This kept any one man from becoming too powerful.
First Triumvirate
The fall of the Roman Republic began in 59 BC with an alliance between three powerful Roman politicians: Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Licinius Crassus. This alliance became known as the First Triumvirate. These three men essentially ruled Rome. However, when Crassus died in battle in 53 BC, Pompey turned on Caesar and the two became enemies.
Julius Caesar
While Caesar was away from Rome leading his army, Pompey gathered political support against Caesar. Civil war erupted when Caesar led his army across the Rubicon River and approached Rome. Eventually Caesar defeated Pompey and became the most powerful man in Rome. Caesar's enemies did not want him to end the Roman Republic and become king, so they assassinated him in 44 BC.
Second Triumvirate
After Caesar died, a Second Triumvirate formed between Mark Antony, Octavian (Caesar's heir), and Lepidus. The Second Triumvirate was officially recognized by the Roman government in 43 BC. Some historians consider this to be the end of the Roman Republic. The Second Triumvirate ruled for ten years until 33 BC. However, it began to split up when Octavian removed Lepidus from power in 36 BC
Octavian Defeats Mark Antony
When the Second Triumvirate came to an end, a civil war began between Octavian and Mark Antony. While Mark Antony was with his army in the eastern portion of the empire, Octavian built a power base in Rome. He soon launched an attack against Mark Antony, who had allied with Cleopatra VII of Egypt. Octavian defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.
The Roman Empire Begins
Octavian was now the most powerful man in all of Rome. In 27 BC, he had himself named "Augustus" and became the first Emperor of Rome. This marked the beginning of the Roman Empire. The first period of the Roman Empire was one of the most prosperous times of Ancient Rome. The empire expanded to cover its largest expanse and Rome became very wealthy.
Empire
The Empire
After years of fighting, Octavian, a Roman army leader became Emperor
in 27 BC. Augustus (Octavian) was the first Emperor of Rome. The Empire lasted till 476 AD when it collapsed and was conquered by Germanic tribes known as
barbarians.
The Roman Empire dominated the Mediterranean Sea (Mare Nostrum).
Emperors extended the Empire throughout Europe, Africa and Asia. The empire reached its maximum size during Trajan's reign in 117. Hadrian
decided to stop the conquest and built a wall between Roman Britain and
Scotland (the Hadrian Wall). The Roman legions did not pass the border of
the empire in Germany(“limes”).
But some of the emperors wanted to become gods and paid little attention
to the good administration of the empire. After the 3rd century AD the empire
entered a crisis. It split into two parts, Eastern and Western, in 395 A.D. The Western empire collapsed in 476 AD.
Jewish monotheism
Main question
How does the first monotheist religion, Judaism, appear ?
Goals:
- Discover the context of appearance of Jewish monotheism
- Explain the importance of the temple and the origin of the Jewish diaspora
- Distinguish between facts and beliefs
DES CHRÉTIENS DANS L'EMPIRE ROMAIN
Christianity
Main question
How is christianity spread in the polytheist Roman empire ?
Dans ce chapitre, je vais :
• Identifier où et dans quel contexte le christianisme apparait.
• Expliquer les fondements de cette nouvelle religion monothéiste.
• Décrire l’évolution des relations entre les premiers chrétiens et l’Empire romain
Watch the video and write down the key words
Trace écrite
A. La naissance du christianisme
Dans la province romaine de Judée, de nombreux juifs supportent de moins en moins bien la domination romaine et attendent l’arrivée d’un messie, pour délivrer leur peuple et rétablir le royaume d’Israël.
Jésus nait vers 4 avant J.-C. Il prêche l’amour et le pardon et annonce être le fils de Dieu. Il attire de nombreux disciples qui voient en lui le messie.
Considéré comme un agitateur par les autorités romaines, Jésus est arrêté et crucifié vers 30 après J.-C. Après sa mort, ses disciples, convaincus de sa résurrection, diffusent son message et écrivent les Évangiles, dans la seconde moitié du Ier siècle après J.-C.