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White Tailed Deer Life Cycle

(Odocoileus virginianus)

Gestation

Gestation Period

  • Gestation period lasts around 10 months
  • Female does not want to mate with the male during this time period
  • Head and legs of the fawn will begin to face backwards as it prepares for birth
  • Fawn will grow fur in the womb
  • First fawns tend to be born in the late part of spring

BIRTH

Birth

  • Doe will give birth to a live baby fawn
  • Birth is generally done away from the herd in a densely vegetated area
  • Mother licks the birth fluid off of the fawn to disguise the scent from predators
  • White spots help to hide from predators
  • Fawn can stand within 20 minutes after birth
  • The fawn will drink mother's milk, but can eat food within a few days

INFANCY

Infancy

  • Will spend first week of life, mostly hidden in thick vegetation, but will eventually join the herd
  • At the end of six weeks, a fawn can eat on its own
  • Most commonly will be a single fawn, but twins are also pretty common, and triplets occasionally happen

Juvenile Stage

Juvenile

Stage

  • Fawn will stay with its mother for one year if its a male and two years if its a female
  • Begins to lose its white spots and get an even colored coat
  • Tend to suckle from mother for 3-4 months before becoming solely a plant eater
  • Commonly referred to as "yearlings"
  • Mother will break maternal bond by driving the juvenile away

Adult Stage

Adult

Stage

  • Males are called bucks, begin to grow their antlers, and frequently will travel alone
  • Females are called does, are generally ready to have their own fawn at two years old, and travel in herds with other does
  • Most often females mate with the dominant male of the herd, and young males may stay to challenge the dominant male
  • As these young adults mate, the life cycle begins again

TITLE

Diploid Dominant

  • Diploid Dominant means that the multicellular diploid stage is the most obvious life stage
  • The only haploid cells are gametes, which are produced during meiosis

  • Meiosis occurs in the testes and ovaries
  • Mitosis occurs throughout the deer's body until it is fully grown as an adult

Diploid and Haploid Cells

Haploid/Diploid Cells

  • White tailed deer have 35 haploid cells and 70 diploid cells
  • 70 chromosomes in each body cell
  • Haploids are found in the sex cells and used for reproduction
  • Haploid cells are also known as gametes
  • Diploids can be found in the skin, blood, and muscle cells
  • Diploid cells are also known as somatic cells
  • During fertilization male and female gametes fuse together, creating a diploid

Mating Habits

Mating

  • Bucks are polygamous and does are seasonally polygamous, but may stay together a few days after mating
  • Does come into heat (in November) for a 24 hour period, where the dominant male will mate
  • If the doe is not mated the first period, 28 days later there is a second estrus where there is another chance for mating with a male
  • The "Rut" is a period of extremely aggressive behavior between male deer, it turns into a war for breeding rights for a doe
  • Male will roll around in the mud to put on a show for their soon to be mating partner
  • Bucks may also clash antlers to assert dominance over a breeding area or their doe of choice
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