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MODELING
The brain's ability to change as a result of experience.
Discarding unused connections in the brain.
Neural pathways that are used are maintained.
Boys' and girls' brains develop differently.
Brain development is finished in the mid-20s.
Most of a newborn's brain cells are formed during the prenatal period.
Responding to an infant each time the infant cries influences brain development.
Exposure to negative experiences influences the brain's development.
Emotions are stored in memory and serve as the foundation for later learning and life.
Play provides opportunities for the brain to develop connections.
Prevent Child Abuse Network
www.zerotothree.org
http://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/multimedia/videos/three_core_concepts/brain_architecture/
No. The prolonged activation of the body's stress response systems can be damaging, but some stress is a normal and healthy part of life. Learning how to cope with stress is an important part of development.
"Initially, your baby's entire world consist of you and your spouse and any other caregivers who are with him on a daily basis." (Greenspan, 1999).
Relationships with others: parents, siblings, extended family, caregivers, teachers, etc...
"There is no such thing as a baby... if you set out to describe a baby, you will find you are describing a baby and someone." (Winnicott, 1947).
Warm, loving attachments give children the foundation they need for healthy development.
Parents and teachers are a mirror.
Positive stress response
Tolerable stress response
Toxic stress response
Reinforces connections
Ongoing opportunities to practice
Understanding of experiences changes over time
Be patient
Sensitive, flexible and reciprocal
Shared positive emotions
Listen, read and react positively, play games, label items, converse with child
When should we worry about toxic stress?
Relationships
Responsive Interactions
Respect
Routines
Repetition
- If at least one parent/caregiver is consistently engaged in a caring, supportive relationship most stress responses will be tolerable.
- When the stressors are severe and long-lasting and adult relationships are unresponsive or inconsistent, it's important for intervention with support, services and programs to become involved.
developingchild.harvard.edu
PCAN
www.zerotothree.org
Relaxation Strategy
Predictable events
Strengthen brain connections
Builds trust
Opportunity for individual attention
Establish/follow schedule
Adapt routines to child needs
Provide individual attention
Incorporate learning into routines
Recognize successes
Call child by name
Understand child's culture
Provide ethnic toys, pictures, food and practices
The extent to which stressful events have lasting adverse effects is determined in part by the individual's biological response, and in part by the duration, intensity, timing, and context of the stressful experience.
The most effective prevention is to reduce exposure of young children to extremely stressful conditions, such as recurrent abuse, chronic neglect, caregiver mental illness or substance abuse, and/or violence or repeated conflict.
Supportive, responsive relationships with caring adults as early in life as possible can prevent or reverse damaging effects.
The 5 Rs for building a healthy brain.
Trust-based relational interventions - TCU
www.child.tcu.edu/resources.asp
www.acestudy.org