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GOAL!

Continued....

3 specific methods used to increase the rate of production of your product(s).

3. The heat of compression before the spark. Compression of a gas raises the temperature of the gas. We want the temperature and pressure to rise, because the higher the compression, the higher the pressure rise after the fuel is burned -- giving us more power.

Ionic or molecular

1. This is where gasoline octane comes into play. Increasing the octane rating of gasoline, increases the temperature required to promote spontaneous combustion of the gas.

2.Intake valve deposits (IVD) and combustion chamber deposits (CCD) in spark-ignition engines greatly affect nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission and octane requirement increases (ORI) as they prevent the heat release from the combustion chamber and increase the compression ratio.

Stoich

What type of reaction?

In this reaction the liquid octane burns in oxygen gas causing a combustion reaction

NFPA ratings

Reaction graphs cont.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

2C8H18 (l) + 25O2 (g) --> 16CO2 (g) + 18H2O(g)

The octane 2C8H18 is the liquid in the reaction. Therefore the molecules have a stronger volume and a stronger force of attraction.

Reaction graph

History of reaction

Combustion of Octane

  • 1807: Swiss engineer François Isaac de Rivaz built an internal combustion engine powered by a hydrogen and oxygen mixture, and ignited by electric spark.
  • 1823: Samuel Brown patented the first internal combustion engine to be applied industrially.
  • Karl Friedrich Benz: A German engine designer and car engineer, generally regarded as the inventor of the first automobile powered by an internal combustion engine.

How is it used?

  • Q: How is it useful?
  • A: Combustion in octane is the primary reaction in an automobile engine. The engine used in your car is called an 'internal combustion engine'. That is because it burns fuel inside the engine
  • A few drops of fuel are mixed with air and injected from the tank into the 'combustion chamber' of your car's engine. The car battery then provides an electric spark. The spark causes the fuel to catch fire, making the chamber hot. The heat makes the air expand, and that in turn drives the piston which turns the wheels.

Chemistry Final

Diagrams

Products and Reactants

  • Everything on the left side of the equation is a reactant and everything on the right side is a product

By Sydney Turcot

Product

Reactant

  • This is an exothermic reaction because it gives out heat and energy.

CHEMICAL REACTION

  • Combustion reactions are classified as rapid reactions that produce a flame. Usually, a combustion reaction refers to the reaction of a substance with O2 (Oxygen gas).
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