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Engineering Large Stones

Engineering Timeline of History

Greek Empire

800-323BC

Renaissance Era

1300-1700AD

2000BC

1000AD

2000AD

1000BC

"0"

3000BC

Neolithic Era

Egyptian Empire

3150-31BC

Modern Era

Primitive Technology YouTube Channel

Çatalhöyük

Göbekli Tepe

Atlatl

The Egyptian War Chariot as an Engineered System

Some key features:

  • "Modern engineers could do no better with just wood (three kinds), leather, and glue."
  • Flexible, lightweight, elastic frame with suspension
  • Wheels with tire, specially designed spokes adapt to various soil types
  • Wheel bearings were ultra low friction
  • Modular design for repair (one person could swap out a wheel in under a minute)

Ramses II -- Temple of Abu Simbel

Khufu's Great Pyramid

Other Egyptian Engineering

Great Structures

Engineering the Structure

Sesotris III - Fortifications

Seti I -- Temple of Karnak

Interior Space

Mene's Dams

Engineering an Empire - Egypt

The Temple Complex as an Engineered System

Snefru's Pyramids

Sand Pits

Water

...a combination of components that work together to collectively perform a useful function.

Meidum Pyramid

Bent Pyramid

Red Pyramid

One block at a time...

Evolution of the Pyramid

Mustabas

Working the Stones

Amenhotep -- use of smaller construction stones

Djoser's Step Pyramid

Canals

Hepshepshut - Obelisks

Boats

Sleds

Ramp Problem

Ramp Problem Solved?

Egypt -- Engineering an Empire (min 4:00)

Other Approaches

Roman Empire

510BC - 476AD

Other Branches

Civil/Structural Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Aeronautical/Aerospace Engineering

The branch of engineering dealing with the design, construction, and use of machines.

The branch of engineering that deals with large modern buildings and similar structures, as well as roads, bridges, canals, and dams.

The branch of engineering that deals with the design, development, testing, and production of aircraft and related systems and of spacecraft, missiles, rocket-propulsion systems, and other equipment operating beyond the earth's atmosphere.

  • Electrical engineering
  • Chemical engineering
  • Bio-medical/bio-mechanical engineering
  • Computer engineering
  • ...

The Military

The Column

longer = tension

Baalbek Lebanon

Foundations of Modernity

The Entertainment

The Arch (and variants)

7 Wonders of Rome

(1) The Column

(2) The Arch (and variations)

(3) The Dome

(4) The Water

(5) The Roads

(6) The Entertainment

(7) The Military

The Dome

The Roads

Julius Caesar Crossing the Rhine

55 B.C.

Case Study: The Pantheon

Whoops!

The Porch

(measure twice, cut once)

(columns, beam, arches)

The Walls

(relieving arches, load path)

The Dome

The Concrete

(coffer cutouts, oculus)

The Water

Seven Wonders of the Modern World

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

I have set eyes on the wall of lofty Babylon

on which is a road for chariots, and the statue of Zeus by the Alpheus, and the hanging gardens, and the Colossus of the Sun, and the huge labour of the high pyramids, and the vast tomb of Mausolus; but when I saw the house of Artemis that mounted to the clouds, those other marvels lost their brilliancy, and I said, 'Lo, apart from Olympus, the Sun never looked on aught so grand.‘

~ Antipater, Greek Anthology IX.58

The Pyramid of Giza

Statue of Zeus at Olympia

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Lighthouse at Alexandria

Temple of Artemis at Ephesis

Colossus at Rhodes

Mausoleum of Maussollos at Halicarnassus

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