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Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma
Overall Information
-oral pathology that appears as an overgrowth of tissue
-most common oral cell lesion
-also known as "giant cell epulis"
-bears a close microscopic relation to central giant cell granuloma
-occurs throughout life peaks at age 8 and 30-40
-most common among females
-happens more in mandible than maxilla
Etiology
origin is unknown
non infectious
R Gottsegen in 1962 believed it developed after periodontal surgery
most commonly results from irritation
plaque
calculus
periodontal disease
poor restorations
ill fitting dentures
implants
periodontal surgery
giant cells are derived from osteoclasts
no mortality associated
predisposing factor for PGCG is poor oral hygiene
grows with the help of lack of hygiene, also xerostomia
Oral Manifestation and Appearance
clinically appearing as a purple, brown, red or blueish sessile , pedunculated or smooth surface dome-shaped papule or nodule
usually 2cm in diameter some can reach 5cm
always located on the mucosa or gingiva
70% of reported found on anterior portion of the jaw
around areas of premolars, canine and incisors
forms lobulated mass of dividing connective tissue filled with giant cells
signs of bleeding is frequently seen
Impact On Overall Health
usually painless swelling
pain can be intermittent
diet may be affected
no loss of appetite or extreme weight loss
patients are usually systemically healthy
Management
treatment is removal by surgical curetting
may require wide excision
immediate post operative
pre operative
-nodule that is firm, soft and bright
sessile
-pedunculated mass occasionally ulcerated
-appearing on a radiograph (bone loss possibly involving periodontal ligaments)
roots usually resorbed
during excision
1 month post operative