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Overall Information

-oral pathology that appears as an overgrowth of tissue

-most common oral cell lesion

-also known as "giant cell epulis"

-bears a close microscopic relation to central giant cell granuloma

-occurs throughout life peaks at age 8 and 30-40

-most common among females

-happens more in mandible than maxilla

Etiology

origin is unknown

non infectious

R Gottsegen in 1962 believed it developed after periodontal surgery

most commonly results from irritation

plaque

calculus

periodontal disease

poor restorations

ill fitting dentures

implants

periodontal surgery

giant cells are derived from osteoclasts

no mortality associated

predisposing factor for PGCG is poor oral hygiene

grows with the help of lack of hygiene, also xerostomia

Oral Manifestation and Appearance

clinically appearing as a purple, brown, red or blueish sessile , pedunculated or smooth surface dome-shaped papule or nodule

usually 2cm in diameter some can reach 5cm

always located on the mucosa or gingiva

70% of reported found on anterior portion of the jaw

around areas of premolars, canine and incisors

forms lobulated mass of dividing connective tissue filled with giant cells

signs of bleeding is frequently seen

Impact On Overall Health

usually painless swelling

pain can be intermittent

diet may be affected

no loss of appetite or extreme weight loss

patients are usually systemically healthy

Management

treatment is removal by surgical curetting

may require wide excision

immediate post operative

pre operative

-nodule that is firm, soft and bright

sessile

-pedunculated mass occasionally ulcerated

-appearing on a radiograph (bone loss possibly involving periodontal ligaments)

roots usually resorbed

during excision

1 month post operative

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma

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