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Oral Embryology and Histology
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Oral Embryology and Histology
Embryology
The study of prenatal development throughout the stages before birth.
Histology
The study of the structure and function of tissues on a microscopic level.
Structures of the Teeth
Tooth Development
Oral Embryology
Crown
Root
Enamel
Dentin
Cementum
Pulp
Periodontium
When the embryo is 5-6 weeks old, the first signs of tooth development are found in the anterior mandibular region. The anterior maxillary teeth develop next.
By the 17th week, all primary teeth are developed and development of the permanent teeth has begun.
- Pregnancy begins with conception (fertilization)
- Gestation is the period from fertilization to birth
- Developmental age is based on the date of conception
Prenatal Development
Developmental Disturbances
3 Types of Oral Mucosa
Disturbances at any stage of developmental may cause a wide variety of abnormalities. Disturbances are either caused by genetic or environmental factors.
Genetic vs. Environmental Factors
Lining Mucosa
Masticatory Mucosa
Specialized mucosa
3 Distinct Periods:
- Preimplantation
- Embryonic
- Fetal
What happens during each period?
Life Cycle of a Tooth
Name
Development of the Face and Mouth
Weeks 4-6 of prenatal development
- the stomodeum (primitive mouth)
- heart is prominent and bulging
- face
- brain
Growth Periods
- Bud stage
- Cap stage
- Bell stage
Calcification
Eruption of Primary Teeth
Shedding of Primary Teeth
Eruption of Permanent Teeth
The hard and soft palates begin fusion from 9th week until the 12th week within the fetal period. Any disruption in this process may result in a cleft lip or palate.