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The European Enlightenment
11
Transcript
The European Enlightenment
dr. gideon burton / brigham young university
Transitioning to the Enlightenment
Renaissance Themes
Reformation Themes
17th-18th Centuries
15th-16th Centuries
17th-18th Centuries
16th Century
Neoclassicism
Back to the sources
Reform
Resisting dogmas
Rise of Protestantism
Humanism
Interior ways of knowing
"Sola Fide"
Noble Savage, Human Nature
and Faculties, Democracy
Europe in 1648
Protestant Work Ethic
religious freedom is destabilizing
17th Century Conflicts
Rise of print culture / literacy
God's Word
Brave New Worlds
Trade, Tourism, Anthropology,
Natural Philosophy (Science)
Accessibility of knowledge / opinion
Catholic vs. Protestant Nations
“If a man will begin with certainties, he shall end in doubts; but if he will be content to begin with doubts, he shall end in certainties.” -- Francis Bacon
France, Spain
Hobbes, Leviathan:
rational need for strong political authority
Protest and Persecution
Satire / Polemics / Revolution
Holland, England
5. The Public Sphere
"Holy Roman Empire" (Germany)
Printing Press
Competing Empires
Popular Press, Journalism,
Learned Communication
realistic management of fallen human nature
Church vs. State
Aesthetics, the Sublime
Piety and Devotion
Deism, Secularism
Christian Humanism
Sprezzatura /
Courtier Ideal
Salons / Public Conversation
Interest groups / self-education
The American Revolution (1776)
Salons and
Coffee Houses
Individualism
Greatest Positive Legacy:
Secularism, Renewal
Greatest Positive Legacy:
The Republic of Letters
The French Revolution (1789)
Humans as Evil, Intolerance
Greatest Negative Legacy:
Elitism, Language-centric
Methodological skepticism (Descartes)
Empiricism vs. ancient (textual) authorities
religious
political
intellectual
doubt
secularism
democracy