What is DRO, DRI, DRL, and DRH?

What is DRO, DRA, DRI, DRH, and DRL

Differential Reinforcement of Low Rate of Behavior (DRL)

Differential Reinforcement of Other/Alternate Behaviors (DRO)

Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behaviors (DRI)

This is the reinforcement of behaviors that will prevent the display of undesirable behaviors.

• This is highlighting the absence of undesirable behaviors.
• The pro's and con's are the same.

• Use this reinforcement when the behavior happens less.
• The pro's and con's are the same.

Example:

Problem: You have a few students who get out of their seats in between lectures to 'mess around' when they should be working.

Solution: Have all the students stand up and do some light stretches or jumping jacks before beginning the next lesson.

Problem: You have a student who gets out of their seat 10 times a day.

Solution: You noticed it went down to 7 times a day. So you might mention to the student, "Congratulations, you only left your seat 7 times today."

Problem: You have a student who yells out answers instead of raising their hand.

Solution: Catch them raising their hand. Say, "Thank you for raising your hand."

What do these Acronyms Stand for?

Sources and more information:

• Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behaviors (DRI)
• Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors or Alternate Behaviors (DRO/DRA)
• Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Behavior (DRL)
• Differential Reinforcement of High Rates of Behavior (DRH)

• http://lemonlimeeducation.com/702/differential-reinforcement-dro-dri-drl-drh/
• http://appliedbehavioralstrategies.com/reinforcement-101.html
• http://education.purduecal.edu/Vockell/EdPsyBook/Edpsy10/edpsy10dra.htm
• LeGray, M., Dufrene, B., Mercer, S., Olmi, D., & Sterling, H. (2013). Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior in Center-Based Classrooms: Evaluation of Pre-teaching the Alternative Behavior. Journal Of Behavioral Education, 22(2), 85-102.
• Wilder, D., Myers, K., Nicholson, K., Allison, J., & Fischerti, A. (2012). The Effects of Rationales, Differential Reinforcement, and a Guided Compliance Procedure to Increase Compliance among Preschool Children. Education & Treatment Of Children (West Virginia University Press), 35(1), 111-122.

Differential Reinforcement of High Rates of Behavior

• Basically this is the same concept as DRL except that you are reinforcing the display of more frequent good behavior.
• Same Pro's and Con's

Example:

Problem: You have a student who eats with his hands, but has been using his fork more frequently at lunch time.

Solution: "Thank you for using your fork more than you did before."

Pro's

Well First things first... They are all very similar

• Differential reinforcement is used to increase desired behaviors.
• Avoids punishment
• A positive way to reinforce behavior

Con's

But each has specific parameters that define how and when it is used

• We don't want our students to expect a reward or praise every time they do something good.
• The effects are only short term
• Doesn't work for all students

A Prezi by Janelle Forsman & Chelsey Milenkovich