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Huntington's Disease-Chromosome 4.
1
Transcript
Huntington's Disease
Eboni Gurley
David Valentín
4th Period
Causes
- defect of chromosome number 4.
degeneration of nerve cells
Inherited?
familial disease, passed from parent to child through a mutation or misspelling in the normal gene.
Each child of an HD parent has a 50-50 chance of inheriting the HD gene.
Symptoms
- speech is slurred and vital functions, such as swallowing, eating, speaking, and especially walking, continue to decline.
individual has minimal judgment, memory, and other cognitive functions
mood swings
Early signs
- trouble driving
- learning new things
- remembering a fact,answering a question or making a decision
uncharacteristically irritable
- Some individuals cannot recognize other family members.
apathetic, passive, depressed, or angry.
Diagnosis
Computed tomography (CT)
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
positron emission tomography (PET,)
family history, called a pedigree
may show shrinkage of some parts of the brain
enlargement of fluid-filled cavities
Treatment
Physicians may prescribe a number of medications to help control emotional and movement problems .
Even though medication may help keep these clinical symptoms under control, there is no treatment to stop or reverse the course of the disease.
Care
psychologist or psychiatrist, a genetic counselor, and other specialists may be needed at different stages of the illness
neurologist
A daily regimen of exercise can help the person feel better physically and mentally.
Coordination get’s worse as the disease progresses patients might have a problem with chewing and swallowing causing them to choke. Individuals may benefit from swallowing therapy.
Community Resources
legal and social aid
recreation and work centers
home care services
group housing
institutional care
finding the proper facility can itself prove difficult
Facts
Huntington’s disease slowly diminishes the affected individual’s ability to walk, think, talk and reason.
More than a quarter of a million Americans have Huntington’s disease or are “at risk” of inheriting the disease from an affected parent.
Huntington's disease usually progresses over a 10-25 year period. Death follows from complications such as choking, infection or heart failure.
Huntington’s disease is affecting approximately 30,000 people.
Everyone who carries the Huntington’s disease causing gene will develop Huntington’s disease at some point in their lifetime, unless they die of other causes prior to developing signs and symptoms
Eventually the person is unable to care for him or herself.
There is, at present, no effective treatment or cure. However, it is possible to treat some of the effects, such as depression and involuntary movements with various medications.
- uncontrolled movements in the fingers, feet, face, or trunk
- creates serious problems with walking
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