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The Integumentary System: Hair and Nails
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Transcript
Nails
- Nails are an accesory organ for the skin made of sheet harden by keratinocytes and are found at the end of fingers and toes.
- Nails protect your fingers and toes and are used for manipulating and grasping small objects.
- There are 3 main parts of the nail: root, body, and free edge. The nail root is the portion of the nail found under the skin. The nail body is the visible portion of the nail. The free edge is the part of the nail that has grown past the finger or toe.
- Nails grown from a deep layer of epidermal tissue known as the nail matrix. The nail matrix surrounds the nail root, the stem cells of the matrix reproduce to make keratinocytes. Sheets of keratinocytes are what hardens the nail root which grows into the nail body.
Hair
- Hair helps protect the body from UV radiation by preventing the sunlight from striking the skin.
- The hair structure can be broken down into 3 major parts: the follicle, root, and shaft.
- Follicles are embeded in the dermis (the skin). Follicle's stem cells reproduce to make keratinocytes which eventually forms hair while melanocytes create the pigment that gives the hair its color.
- As the Follicle produces new hair, the cells in the root push up the hair until it exits the skin. The shaft is the part of the hair that has exited the skin. The root and shaft are both made up of 3 distinct layers: the cuticle, cortex, and medulla.
The Integumentary System: Hair and Nails
By: Annie Gutierrez
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