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Basic Components of Argument (Aristotelian Argument)
6
Introduction
Counter-argument: How
Give as much weight and research time to complications and complexities as to your position
You tell me!
Counter-argument: Concession
Conclusion
Yes: Explain why it doesn't undermine your whole argument OR qualify your thesis
Refutation--say no:
offer explanation or evidence to explain why the opposition is incorrect
Counter-argument: Where
Not a summary but an amplification
Okay, but... Admit that the opposing claim is valid, and then “twist it” to show how their evidence actually demonstrates your side OR Accept part of their point but disagree w/ their conclusion.
Narration:"quick background"
Provides necessary context or background info.
Pull it all together.
Acknowledge complexities.
Final sell!
Why are you bothering to argue this? What is at stake?
Extent varies by audience and topic.
Anywhere, really:
- In or near the introduction, to establish why your argument must be made
- In the first body paragraph, to raise a main objection to your thesis that you must deal with
- In any body paragraph as a reader might object to one of your supporting points
- Right before the conclusion, to deal with a remaining objection to your thesis (or a feasibility concern)
Classic Model for Argument
Basic Components of Argument
Not about proving yourself right: Find the best solution/answer.
Organization Matters!
By point, not source. Use multiple sources and evidence types to develop your points.
Confirmation: Proving Your Thesis
Divide into main and sub-points
Organize logically
Research doesn't speak for itself
If proposing a change: must show that the change will solve the problem & that it's feasible
Make a snowball!: Each point should connect to and build on those before and after