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Dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound containing two carboxyl functional groups (-COOH). They are used in the preparation of copolymers such as polyamides and polyesters
Example: Pthalic acid An aromatic dicarboxylic acid ,which is one of three isomers of benzenedicarboxylic.
Polymerisation :
Chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to form larger molecules that contain repeating structural units
Dimerization:
The chemical union of two identical molecules.
Dimer:A dimer is an oligomer consisting of two structurally similar monomers joined by bonds that can be either strong or weak, covalent or intermolecular
Oligomer: is a polymer whose molecules consist of relatively few repeating units
Drilling Fluids.
Summary of production process:
1.Mixture of FattyAcid , Clay catalyst and water in certain ratio is fed to a reactor( Autoclave) and heated to desired temperature.
2. The mixture is left to cool to room temperature for couple of hours.
3. The catalyst is then separated from crude product by fitration.
4.The filtrate is fractioned to monomer acid(distillate),which is a co-product of saturated and unsaturated branched chain C-18 FA, and dimer acid mixed with higher polymers(residue).
5.The dimer acid is then subjected to high vaccum distillation to seperate from trimer acid.
6. Further hydrogenation and distillation to improve color and stability of the product.
لقبريؤيساليي
conversion of unsaturated fatty acids into a molecule with 36 carbon atoms, making it the longest dioic acid available.
Dimer acids, or dimerized fatty acids, are dicarboxylic acids prepared by clay-catalyzed, high temperature(>300 C) ,high pressure (400 psi) polymerization of unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil (usually), oleic acid (rectified cotton oleic acid or soybean oleic acid), linoleic acid, canola oil , cottonseed oil, Rapeseed oil ,Dehydrated castor oil or Tallow.
The major use category of dimer acids is non-nylon type polyamide resins. Non-nylon polyamides may be reactive(having amine functional groups) or nonreactive ( lacking amine functionality)
Polyamide resins
High-molecular-weight polymers which feature amide linkages (single bond between carbon and nitrogen atom) along the molecular chain.
Natural polyamides include a wide range of proteins from which adhesives and plastics may be derived.
Synthetic polyamides, such as nylon and aramid resins, are used extensively in commercial applications.
Properties of DAP's
(Dimer acid based polymers)
• Hydrolytically stable
• Have very low glass transition temperatures
• Increase colour strength through excellent pigment wetting
• Enhance adhesion to low polar substrates
• Boost water flash off in water borne coatings and adhesives
• Minimize internal stress and shrinkage in cross linked polymers
• Enhance water repellence, reduce water uptake and water diffusion
C36 dimer acid is a dimer acid of predominantly stearic acid ,making it the longest di-acid available.
The chemistry can be taken further to form a trimer acid where the product consists of three fatty acid molecules.
This hydrocarbon nature makes the dimer fatty acid and derived polymers extremely hydrophobic. In addition, the combination of hydrocarbon character and non-crystallinity provides lubricity and flexibility, even at very low temperatures.