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The energy located in the bonds of food molecules:

-is a form of potential energy

-can be transformed to the bonds of ATP

Water (H2O) = 2+16 = 18 total mass

Ammonia (NH3) = 14+3 = 17

Carbonic acid (H2CO3) = 2+12+48 =62

Questions in Class:

When movement of Na+ ions down their concentration gradient drives the transport of other substances across the cell membrane, it is called _________.

secondary active transport

Cells that store large quantities of chemicals to be released do so in structures called ________.

vesicles

Questions in Class

What is the fluid component between the plasma membrane and nuclear envelope called?

Cytoplasm.

Which organelle contains enzymes that detoxifies harmful substances?

peroxisomes

In areas of the body exposed to the external environment and pathogens, such as in the lungs, which type of vesicular transport would you expect to be most prevalent?

Intensely biosynthetic secretory cells such as neurons would be expected to have greater amounts of ________ than other cells.

Rough ER

Which of the following cell types does not possess a nucleus at maturity?

Phagocytosis

Red blood cells

What protein complex holds newly replicated chromatin strands together?

Cohesin

G0

The ______ stage of the neuron cell cycle is the reason that permanent muscle paralysis occurs.

sketch a organelle, label, know what they are for the quiz

Which is not a function of CAMs?

Maintains the membrane potential

2H+ and H2

Heat is:

-thermal energy

-infrared radiation

-directly related to kinetic energy

-a result of the energy conversions

2H+

are two positive ions.

H2

is a molecule of an element.

Whenever energy is transformed:

-some energy is lost as heat

-the amount of useful energy decreases

Basic Atomic Symbols

Facts on Atoms and Elements

Oxygen: O

Carbon: C

Potassium: K

Iodine: I

Hydrogen: H

Nitrogen: N

Calcium: Ca

Sodium: Na

Phosphorus: P

Magnesium: Mg

Chloride: Cl

Iron: Fe

1. An electrically charged atom or group of atoms: Ion

2. Anything that takes up space and has mass (weight): Matter

3. A unique substance composed of atoms having the same atomic number: Element

4. Negatively charged particles, forming of an atom: Electrons

5. Subatomic particles that determine an atom's chemical behavior. or bonding ability: Electrons

6. The ability to do work: Energy

7. The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element: Atom

8. The smallest particle of a compound, formed when atoms combine chemically: Molecule

9. Positively charged particles forming part of an atom: Protons

10. The combining power of an atom: Valence

11. two answers:

12. subatomic particles responsible for most of an atom's mass: Protons and Neutrons

Energy Forms

H2O2 and 2HOH-

H2O2

is a molecule of a compound

1. Found as a salt in bones and teeth: Calcium and Phosphorus

2. Makes up more than 96% of the mass of a living cell:Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen

3. Essential for transport of oxygen in red blood cells: Iron

4. Essential cations in muscle contraction: Calcium, Sodium, and Potassium

5. Essential for production of thyroid hormones: Iodine

6. Present in nucleic acids (in addition to C, H, O and N): Phosphorus

7. The most abundant negative ion in extracellular fluids: Chloride

2HOH-

are two negative ions.

BASICS OF THE ATOM

1. Concentration expressed in moles: Molarity

2. Components are physically, not chemically, combined: Mixture

3. Homogeneous combination of solvent and solute(s): Solution

4. Large particles can settle out unless constantly mixed: Suspension

5. Large particles will not settle out: Colloid

6. Exhibits the sol-gel phenomenon: Suspension

7. An example is sand and water: Suspension

Chewing food: mechanical

Vision: electrical and radiant

bending your fingers to make a fist: mechanical

breaking he bonds of ATP molecules to energize your muscle cells to make the fist: chemical

lying under a sunlamp: radiant

Particle: proton

Location: nucleus

Electrical charge: +1

Mass: 1 amu

Particle: Electron

Location: nucleus

Electrical charge: -1

Mass: 1 amu

Particle: neutron

Location: nucleus

Electrical charge: 0

Mass: 1 amu

2O2- and O2

2O2-

are two negative ions.

O2

is a molecule of an element.

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