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The Endocrine and Immune Systems and How They Work Together
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The Endocrine and Immune Systems and How They Work Together
By: Emily Thurber
Immune System
Endocrine System
The immune system protects the body against disease or other potentially damaging foreign bodies. It identifies threats such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites, distinguishing them from the body's healthy tissue. It is made up of a network of cells, tissues and organs (spleen, tonsils, thymus, etc.).
The endocrine system produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, etc. It is made up of the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, and the ovaries in females or testicles in males.
The endocrine system releases cortisol to slow down immune responses.
Cytokines that are produced by activated immune and immune accessory cells can/may affect the secretion of hormones (from hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes, for example).
How They Work Together
Adrenal and/or ovarian hormones (from the endocrine system) can affect the secretion of cytokines by cells of the immune system.
The immune system's products regulate endocrine responses to infection.