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Transcript

Reducing Acid Rain

Kid playing in smoggy city

Before and After: San Gabriel

Improving Trends

What pollutants?

Specific Provisions

Because the EPA's job is to regulate the ideal air quality standards, they have based their standards on six criteria pollutants:

  • particulate matter (also known as particle pollution), ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and lead.

The Clean Air Act of 1990 has provisions to address

  • hazardous and carcinogenic pollutants in addition to environmental threats of bioaccumulation of metals.
  • acid rain that can damage aquatic life, property, and visibility.
  • chemical emissions that deplete the ozone layer
  • haze that impairs visibility in recreational areas

Clean Air Act of 1990

  • The act contains provisions that have been established since the 1970s to control common harmful pollutants present in many cities and industrial areas.
  • The 1990 Act allows the EPA to regulate and enforce air quality standards
  • States must also plan where industrial centers can be built so emissions can be controlled across state lines.
  • In addition, pollution must be controlled in motor vehicles and stationary sources using the most up to date technology to protect public health.

Translations Please!

Quoting the 1990 Articles

The key aspects mentioned in these quotes can be summarized in a few bullet points:

  • Regulation
  • Application
  • Transportation
  • Control of Industrial Pollution Produced
  • Visibility
  • Inventory of emissions
  • "...an identification of sources, including area and mobile sources, that are expected to contribute to increases in emissions of such pollutant after attainment of a national ambient air quality standard."
  • "The preparation of implementation plan provisions and subsequent plan revisions under the continuing transportation-air quality planning process described in section 108(e) shall be coordinated with the continuing, cooperative and comprehensive transportation planning process required under section 134 of title 23..."
  • "Any transportation plan or program developed pursuant to title 23, United States Code, or the Urban Mass Transportation Act shall implement all relevant transportation provisions of any implementation plan approved under this Act applicable to all or part of the area covered by such transportation plan or program."
  • "Guidelines for improving the inventories of emissions from mobile and stationary sources (including, but not limited to, emissions factors for estimating emissions from stationary sources which emit less than twenty-five tons per year, procedures for estimating motor vehicle mile of travel, and emissions factors for other area sources) of pollutants... for which there is a national ambient air quality standard established under section 109
  • Cited from: http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?c101:6:./temp/~c101BlFmpi:e1122:
  • This is the text of the bill from the library of congress.

Quick facts about the Clean Air Act

  • The Clean Air Act of 1990 is the most recent version of the clean air amendments passed 1970 to clean up air pollution
  • Congress authored the basic structure of the Clean Air Acts and made major revisions in throughout the 1970s and in 1990.
  • The initial act in 1970 was signed into law under Richard Nixon and the 1990 added amendments were signed by George H.W. Bush.

Improvements

Why was this act created?

  • The Donora Smog Incident of 1948: This small mill town in Pennsylvania was heavily polluted through harmful particulates killing 20 and causing approx. 7,000 to get sick.
  • Many other large cities throughout the U.S faced immense levels of major pollutants
  • While the incidents at Donora occurred about 20 years before the Clean Air Acts were voted upon, they served as a major contribution toward the desire the improve air quality and prevent premature deaths from pollutants.
  • the clean air act has allowed the economy to grow.
  • Americans face lower risks of premature deaths
  • Many forms of transportation use emission control technologies
  • industrial pollution related to power plants has been dramatically reduced since 1990.
  • The EPA has taken the step to create regulatory limits that cause climate change and ocean acidification.

Because the EPA is responsible for regulating this act...

  • Over 205,000 deaths were early deaths were prevented to asthma and lung related diseases.
  • So2 emissions were reduced by 10 million tons below the 1980 level
  • Crop yields rose by $5.5 billion in 2010
  • New cars produced after 1970 are 99% cleaner than before (less emissions)
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