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Stoicism and Epicureanism
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Stoicism and Epicureanism
by Kathryn Cortez and Mel Mastropasqua
More about Epicureanism
Epicureanism
How it ties into Julius Caesar
Stoicism
About Stoicism
- Founded by Epicurus (341-270 BC)
- One of the major philosophies of Ancient Greece
- Distinguished by higher pleasures, which they strove for, and lower pleasures
- emphasized the goal of a happy and content life in the here and now, rejecting both superstitous fear of the gods and notions of an afterlife.
- Epicureanism was influential in the Hellenistic Age
- the Epicureans and the Stoics were the chief rivals for the allegiance of educated people of this period.
- Epicurus taught a materialistic view of the universe: the whole of nature consists of matter and space
- Derived from the Greek word "stoa" which means colonnade
- The endurance of pain or hardship without a display of feelings and without complaint.
- Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BC.
- One of the most important people in the writing and in Caesar's life, Brutus, was a stoic. Because he is a stoic, he does not let his feelings towards Julius Caesar (who is a father figure to Brutus), influence his choice on playing a part in the assassination of Caesar
- Although Brutus is known to be a stoic, there are often times through out the writing where he will show his emotions, and more of these events where his emotions are shown involve him being angered or upset
- One event in which Brutus does not follow the beliefs of stoicism is when his wife, Penelope interrogates him about his well being at dinner, resulting in him stomping his foot impatiently and having a sort of outburst
-The stoic doctrine is divided into three parts; logic, physics, and ethics
- It is a system of ethics guided by logic, that rests upon physics as a foundation
-It involves a stern morality, life in accordance with nature and controlled by virtue, and indifference to everything external
- Scholars usually divide the history of Stoicism into three phases:
Early Stoa, from the founding of the school by Zeno to Antipater.
Middle Stoa, including Panaetius and Posidonius.
Late Stoa, including Musonius Rufus, Seneca, Epictetus, and Marcus Aurelius.