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planet

EARTH

Characteristics of the Earth:

1)shape = oblate sphere

2)Earth is tilted on its axis

3)Earth ROTATES around its AXIS

*** 24 hrs = 1 rotation

4)Earth REVOLVES around the SUN

*** 365.4 days = 1 revolution

5)Earth is covered in 71% water

6)Circumference at the equator

= 40,074 kilometers (km)

7)Circumference from pole to pole

= 40,007 km

So...

The Earth’s Layers

1)Crust –

2 kinds: oceanic crust – under the ocean

Continental crust –

land masses

2)Lithosphere – broken into plates; appr. 30 plates

3)Asthenosphere – “plastic rock”

i.Under pressure = hard as a rock

ii.Low/no pressure = flows as a liquid – the plates of the lithosphere ride on the asthenosphere to move

-when 2 plates separate, the liquid asthenosphere will fill the gap

SO...

**** when 2 plates separate = DIVERGENT boundary (valley can be formed this way)

*** when 2 plates come together = CONVERGENT boundary (mountains are formed this way) ALSO HAVE SUBDUCTION – 1 plate goes beneath the other plate

DENSITY KEY FACTOR in the movement of the plates

And then..

4)MESOSPHERE – solid rock layer

5)Outer Core – we think it is a dense liquid (IRON)

6)Inner Core - we think it is a dense solid

Mantle:

  • Lithosphere
  • Asthenosphere
  • Mesosphere

30

Photo credits: 'horizon' by pierreyves @ flickr

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