BEHAVIOR-BASED SAFETY

Recap

Managers & Supervision Involvement

Improved Management’s Visual Participation

• A Behavior Based Safety program is intended to enable company employees to record safety observations, most importantly, stopping of work that is unsafe.

A few ways to show visual commitment:

Safety Observation Form

Recap-People

• Peer to peer method of coaching, counseling, and encouraging all employees to reinforce safe behavior. Safe behavior and looking out for fellow employee!

Employees:

Safety Observation Cycle:

• They are encouraged and rewarded for safety participation.
• More personal recondition.
• Rewards are more for Hazard recondition and Prevention, along with being safe and the safety of fellow employees.
• Less of avoiding the reporting of injuries.

Supervision:

Thank You

• Front-line management that's driving the safe behavior through observations, safety audits, training and daily communication.

Management:

New Workplace Violence policy ?

• Goal setting, employee recognition and rewards with positive leadership.

Benefits of BBS to Cardinal as a Whole!

1. Observe people

2. Analyze their work practices by focusing on safe and unsafe behaviors

3. Talk with them about safety

4. Actively correct and prevent unsafe acts and conditions

5. Reinforce safe behavior

6. Report your observations

• Executive/Employee safety steering committees
• A member of management to periodically go to a work area, and pick one supervisor/employee. Having them perform a safety inspection or observation.
• A member of management to hold causal meetings with a few employees to discuss their concerns on safety and then review later with departments.
• Send an email out to the entire company recognizing employee (s) for good safety performance (s).
• Send a card to employee’s house thanking him/her for their actions.
• Have an answer for every safety concern and a way to communicate the answer to all employees
• Openly recognize and celebrate achievement

• Front line Management and supervisors must visually and verbally support the culture process
• Conduct frequent observations
• Have Daily meetings reviewing safety and observations
• Highlighting good observations and identify individuals who demonstrated safe behavior
• Talk to employees about their safety concerns
• Emphasized a team environment
• Review safety procedures and policies with employees and answer questions
• Ensure proper training before using an employee in new area.

Questions?

• Enhanced reporting
• Easily Share Recognized Hazards
• Trended data used to enhance program
• Incentives may be tied to best quality observations
• Increased Employee Retention
• Enhanced Employee recognition

Short form for safety observations

• Increased Hazard Recognition
• Data gathered is used to recognize trends
• Employees have greater sense of ownership of the Safety within the company
• Lower Incident and Mod rates

Turning employees from simple followers into active participants in the safety processes can strengthen the level of their engagement and ultimately will reduce accidents.

Improving Employee Involvement

• Ask employees about safety rather than telling them about safety.

• Form small groups of employees to help develop safety solutions

• Recognize positive behavior

• Celebrate achievements

• Visual commitment to safety

• Formal employee suggestion program
• Conduct workplace safety inspections
• Behavior based safety observations
• Safety incentive programs
• Formal employee questionnaire regarding safety culture
• Safety committees
• Emergency response teams

The 3 Ps…Policies, Procedures, and Programs

Written Policies and Procedures

• Provide a “road map” to a successful program
• Communicates the rights and responsibilities of employer and employees

Prioritize Your Efforts

• Create programs that reward safe behavior
• Provide bench marks on safety saving through hazard reductions, behavior observations and Mod rating reductions.

Management Involvement

Drug and Alcohol Testing

Staffing for Safety

Accident/Incident Investigations

Drug and alcohol testing has been on the rise in recent years. Why?...

Evaluation and Recognition/Reward

Accident/Incident Investigations

Safety Culture

Evaluation and Recognition/Reward

Safety Education

Safety Incentive Programs

Encouraged Workforce Involvement

Old Way…

Incident rates or OSHA recordable injuries are the primary measure of success

New Way…

Safety behavior, safety skills, and

contributing to the safety process are used to

measure safety success

Planning: Pre-Shift and Pre-task reviews

The Hidden Costs of Accidents Far Exceed the Costs of a Safety Culture

• All Accidents are Preventable
• Accidents are “Triggered” by Behavior
• Accident Causes are System-wide
• Accidents are Not “Accidental”
• Accidents are Symptoms, not Problems
• Accident Causes Rarely Exist at the Scene
• Accidents are Not the Target of Hazard Prevention Controls

Safety Committee

If employees feel empowered to make decisions and to get involved in an improvement process, they will feel responsible. Responsible people become the leaders of themselves and are totally committed to achieving a solid safety culture.

Accidents

Keeping Employee Involvement

Behavior-Based Safety

• Try to understand “why employees do what they do”

• Identify and change “bad” behavior

• Reinforce good safety practice

• Talk about safety everyday

• Use of “safety observers”

• Learn to Speak English

• Allows exchange of ideas and input at all levels
• Communication between key personnel
• Promotes a “team” concept
• Requires management commitment to ensure issues are addressed

Safety Education

• Pre-screen new employees-during interview ask about for prior safety commitments within former employment.

• Staff a full time safety representative with organization (secures OSHA compliance and Champions culture change)

• Safety rep involved in project planning and meetings where safety is a factor.

• Have safety committees where representatives are present from each department and shifts.

• Commit to training time and resources for all employees and line supervision

• Orientation and Specialized Training
• New Hire Orientation ( Day of Entry)
• Create more specific job related task/safety training

• The most important aspect of safety is communication

.... Review & Share finding both good and bad.

• A well-trained workforce are the “eyes and ears” of a safety culture...welcome their input.

• Safety training is a “line item” in each project budget

Management Should Be ACCOUNTABLE for:

• Being role models (do as I do…)

• Safety inspections (at least monthly)

• Safety orientation and training

• Accident / incident investigations

• Project planning for safety issues

Employees

All employees are taught and understand their safety HAZARDS

All employees will have knowledge and understand the safety Policies

All employees own and understand their safety RESPONSIBILITIES

Pros and Cons

• Should be for proactive responses rather then reactive responses

(i.e., safety suggestions vs no recordable injuries)

• Progressive – the longer the situation occurs

(i.e., continuous decline in EMR), the bigger the reward

• Cumulative – once a goal is reached, the award is given

(i.e., EMR reached 0.85)

• Frequency = shows commitment

Accident/Incident Investigations

The New Way…

The Old Way…

• Unsafe acts and unsafe conditions are the two primary categories of incident investigation.
• Individuals are afraid to report incidents for fear of breaking safety records

• Root causes are determined and analyzed for opportunities to improve the system
• Incident investigations focus on root cause.
• Hassle is minimized.
• The value of investigations is recognized and rewarded by management.

• Acknowledge co-workers’ positive behaviors
• Provide feedback to management on safety activities and new equipment evaluation
• Participate in training
• Voice concerns about hazards to management
• Offer solutions to identified hazards

• Conduct a Job hazard analysis (JHA) or Safety Observations

• Safety is part of Pre-shift or pre-task start-up...review findings daily

• Prepare job-specific safety and health programs along with training (based on JHA and observations) and review them often

• Safety base coaching (Key with middle management) helps decrease at-risk behaviors, builds trust, and an interdependent mindset – the team thinking needed for a culture of safe habits. Teams need to take credit for all results, regardless of outcome.

• Each employee feels a sense of responsibility for the safety of their co-worker as well as themselves

• Review Observation and get Feedback ( Review behavior not persons)

Accident/Incident Investigations

• More states are legalizing the use of Marijuana. (Medical and Recreational)

• Statistics show that testing programs result in a decrease in work-related accidents and incidents

• Testing procedures are more accurate

• Confidentiality has been addressed

• The benefits are more obvious

Evaluation and Recognition/Reward

Reward & Recognition for:

Accident = unplanned event resulting in injury or illness to employees and/ or property damage

Incident = Near Miss/Close Call or Hazard

By Chance did not result in a accident

BOTH need to be investigated for “root cause”

Also use programs to identify and address

POTENTIAL incidents and accidents (JHA and Safety Observations)

Old Way... New Way…

Safe behavior is Safe behavior is rewarded

encouraged through as part of the

slogans and posters performance process

Use forms that study behavior along with descriptive information

• Convert information from Corporate Safety Benchmarking Reports into goals.
• TCIR National Average ( LG 5.8 )
• DART National Average ( LG 3.1 )
• Reduce or Maintain Rolling Annual Average of Bench marks
• Reduction of EMR ( Experience Modifier Rate)
• Close Call and Hazard reporting
• Safety Observation & Safety Audits conducted

Data Review:

Use data to prove / disprove theories about your safety culture...

• Timing - most of our accidents occur on Mondays
• Age - our younger workers get injured more frequently
• Injury Type – cuts are our most common injury

Management Involvement

Old Way…

Safety is your No 1 priority

New Way…

Safety is an integral part of Our business success!

A Systematic Approach to Improved Safety Performance

Nine Essential Parts of a Solid Behavior Based Safety Culture

1. Demonstrated Management Involvement

2. Staffing for Safety

3. Safety Education:

• Orientation and Specialized Training

4. Encouraged Workforce Involvement

5. Evaluation and Recognition/Reward

6. Planning: Pre-Shift and Pre-task reviews

7. Accident/Incident Investigations

8. Drug and Alcohol Testing

9. The 3 Ps…Policies, Procedures, and Programs

Progression of a Safety Culture

Progression of a Safety Culture

Level One: Emerging / Realization

Level Five: Continuous Improvement / Utopia

Progression of a Safety Culture

Level Three: Involving / Observation

Level Two: Managing / Traditional

Level Four: Cooperating / Empowerment

• Incident rates / EMR are under industry standards
• Safety is seen as a moral and economic benefit
• Significant pro-active measures are in place
• A healthy lifestyle (non-work) is promoted

• Prevention of all injuries and illnesses is a core corporate value… with top management leading the way
• Sustained period of “zero injury” status but no complacency
• A range of indicators are used to measure performance and improvement
• Striving to find new hazard control mechanisms
• All employees accept the belief that safety is a part if their job
• Considerable investment in promoting safety and health (on and off the job)
• Incident rates / EMR are under industry standards with significant savings.

• Goals to meet EMR ( Experience Modifier Rate) average for our industry.
• Safety is seen as a business risk – management has input
• Safety is based on engineering controls as their main focus
• Accidents are seen as preventable
• Lagging indicators used to measure performance after the fact.

• Incident rates / EMR are lower…but still not under industry standards
• Involvement of front line employees and supervision seen as critical components to culture
• Accidents causes are varied and root cause is investigated
• All employees accept responsibility for safety

• Safety activities defined by achieving OSHA compliance.
• Accidents are seen as unavoidable and part of the job.
• Front line staff are uninterested in safety but prioritize production as #1.
• Safety is used as an “issue” to be argued
• Management delegates safety and leaves it up to the HR/Safety personnel for compliance.

Progression to a Safety Culture

Five Levels of Progression Towards a Safety Culture

• Level Five: Continuous Improvement / Utopia

• Level Four: Cooperating / Empowerment

• Level Three: Involving / Observation

• Level Two: Managing / Traditional

• Level One: Emerging / Realization

Safety Program vs Safety Culture

Safety Programs…

Are planned outlines of how the company will address OSHA compliance issues.

Safety Culture… is the attitude, beliefs, perceptions and values that employees share in relation to safety in the workplace. Safety culture is a part of organizational culture, with the phrase "Safety is an integral part of Our business success!".

Overview

We will discuss...

• Steps to transition from traditional safety to Culture/Behavior based safety
• Ways to create and sustain the positive Behavior based safety culture
• Explore management , supervisor and employees participation.

Why Is At-Risk Behavior Present?

What is Behavior based Safety?

Behavior Based Safety is a process that helps employees identify and choose a safe behavior over an unsafe one.

1. Employees don’t know what to do

2. Employees don’t know how to do it

3. Supervision does not correct at-risk behavior

4. Management system encourages risk taking

5. Simply the employees choice to work unsafe (shortcuts)

6. The employee has been trained but failed to following training

7. The equipment or work environment are in less than safe condition

8. Employees don’t perceive that safety is important to their supervisor

BEHAVIOR-BASED SAFETY

Culture &

Behavior Based

Safety

From Good To Great Safety Performance