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Maladies on the Oregon Trail

The Oregon Trail

On the Oregon Trail, many of the people faced lots of maladies. Measles, Cholera, Typhoid Fever, Dysentery, and snake bites being the most common. These maladies are also the top 5.

Introduction

What are Maladies?

Maladies is actually just a fancy word to say "diseases". So in other words, people back in the 18th century faced lots of deadly diseases on their journey

Maladies

Other Info

There's lots of other things the people on the Oregon trail had to face. For example, having to cross rivers in risk of losing materials, etc.

Other

Measles

  • Killed 9 out of 10 pioneers
  • Symptoms appear after 7 to 14 days
  • Measles is more serious towards children and babies
  • Could spread quickly towards an entire wagon camp (Highly contagious)
  • Can live up to 2 hrs in an air space

Measles

What are the symptoms of Measles?

The first sign of symptoms are:

  • High fever
  • Cough
  • Runny nose
  • Red, watery eyes

However, you can also get symptoms like Koplik spots and measles rash a few days after the first few symptoms begin

Symptoms

Pictures

Most common symptom of measles is red spots

What are the causes of Measles and how does it spread?

  • Measles is one of the most contagious diseases. The disease can be spread by coughing or sneezing.
  • Measles is usually found in the nose and throat of an infected person

Causes &

Transmission

Cholera

  • Cholera is actually one of the most common disease on the Oregon Trail out of the 5
  • The most feared and deadly disease
  • Caused the most deaths
  • Killed 9 out of 10 pioneers

Cholera

What are the symptoms of Cholera?

The most common symptoms during the early stages of Cholera are:

  • Vomiting
  • Thirst
  • Leg cramps
  • Restlessness or irritability

About 1 in 10 people experience severe symptoms when diagnosed with Cholera

Symptoms

What causes Cholera and

how does it spread?

Cholera is caused by an infection of the instestine with a bacteria called "Vibrio cholerae bacteria".

The disease spreads when someone eats or drinks things contaminated by the feces of an infected person. This is also a cause of cholera.

Causes &

Transmission

Typhoid Fever

  • Typhoid fever is a life-threatening infection
  • Also called "Enteric Fever" or "Cess-Pool Fever" because of poor sanitation
  • Highly contagious with a morality rate of 10%-20%
  • Depended on age, usually wasn't fatal for children

Typhoid Fever

What are the symptoms of Typhoid Fever?

Symptoms

  • You can have a fever as high as 103 to 104 degrees farenheit

Other symptoms of Typhoid Fever include:

  • Weakness
  • Stomach Pain
  • Constipation (Or diarrhea)
  • Headache
  • Cough
  • Loss of appetite

What is the cause of Typhoid Fever and how does it spread?

  • Typhoid Fever is most commonly spread by contaminated water
  • Caused by a bacteria called Salmonella Typhi bacteria

Causes &

Transmission

Snake Bites

  • Snake bites were extremely common on the Oregon Trail
  • The bitten body part was seriously at risk

Snake Bite

What are the causes of being bit by a snake?

Causes &

Transmission

Most people on the Oregon Trail were bit by rattle snakes that contained poison. The cause of this is a snake. Thankfully, snake bite symptoms are not contagious and will not spread to anyone

What are the symptoms of getting bit by a snake?

Symptoms

The most common known symptom of being bitten by a venomous snake is:

  • Swelling

However, there are more symptoms like:

  • Bruising, Blistering, or bleeding around bite
  • Severe pain or tenderness
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Numbness or tingling feeling
  • Muscle twitching
  • And plenty more

In more serious cases, breathing may stop all together and possibly more serious symptoms

Pictures

Diphtheria

  • 1 in 10 adults and 1 in 5 children under 5 who get this disease die
  • Makes a toxin that kills your cells
  • Someone who felt perfectly fine can still infect you with this disease
  • Diphtheria infections on the skin mostly happen in tropical areas

Dipheria

What are the symptoms of getting Diphtheria

The toxin creates a thick gray coating – called a pseudomembrane – from dead cells, bacteria, waste products, and proteins. So, you may get:

  • Lack of ability to breathe
  • Lack of ability to swallow

The toxin can travel into your bloodstream and cause damage to your tissues and organs aswell

Symptoms

What are the causes of Diphtheria and how does it spread?

A type of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheriae causes this disease. This type of bacteria that kills cells makes it more deadly than most other bacterias

  • Usually is spread by a cough or sneeze
  • This disease is highly contagious until 48 hrs after getting antibiotics

Causes &

Transmission

Pictures

(There's worse than this. I've spared your souls)

What was the terrain like on the Oregon Trail?

  • The trail overall stretched for 2000 miles
  • Went through 6 different states:

Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Idaho, Wyoming, and Oregon

  • Begain in Missouri, Independence and ended in Oregon City, Oregon

Travelers had to cross rough terrain like:

  • The Rocky Mountains
  • The Sierra Nevada Mountains

Terrain

Pictures

Not only do the travelers on the Oregon Trail have to face maladies and difficult terrain, another common thing to experience was the harsh winters that gave some people frostbite

Snow

Pictures

Conclusion

Overall, people on the Oregon Trail were only there to suffer. Many other trails exist aswell that were created back when people used the Oregon Trail. For example, the California and Santa Fe trails. Even though there we lots of diseases, snake bites, and plenty more, travelers were even lucky to make it to Oregon. However, there was still a possibility

Conclusion

Cited Websites

“Count Diphtheria, Dysentery, Drowning, Accident, and Exhaustion as Some of the Dangers along the Oregon Trail.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., https://www.britannica.com/video/169076/overview-Oregon-Trail.

“Health Topics.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/health-topics.html#c.

History.com Editors. “Oregon Trail.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 6 Dec. 2017, https://www.history.com/topics/westward-expansion/oregon-trail.

Men's Journal. “Cost of a Rattlesnake Bite? It's Exorbitant.” Men's Journal, https://www.mensjournal.com/adventure/cost-rattlesnake-bite-its-exorbitant/.

Cited Work

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