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- Slave trade increased
- From 1700-1791: 700,000
- 87% of the population
- No ties of loyalty to France.
- Mistreated.
- Nothing to lose.
- Maroons- leaders.
- French + African or = mulattoes
- 1/2 French- wanted equal rights.
- Free, but no power
- Gens de couleur or the Affranchis- wealthy (socio-economic)
-1760s- Affranchis stripped of rights
- The Declaration of Rights of Man of 1789 defended equality (socio-political)
-"Société des Amis des Noires".
Grands blancs- landowners
- wealthy
- wanted independence to not pay taxes to the mother country
- wanted slavery
Petits blancs- merchants, small landowners
- excluded from colonial political power
-preserve unity with France- depended on trade
*French revolution ideals spread and reached Haiti.
- Grands blancs- representation in the Estates General and independence.
- Petits blancs- more political power in the colony and fraternity with France.
- Mulattoes- wanted equality (Declaration of Rights)
- Slaves- the abolition of slavery (Declaration of Rights)
1790- Vincent Ogé (mulatto)
-Touissant L'Ouverture- slave leader, educated
August 1791- slave revolt began in the N
-France: moderates- slavery could continue
- French Revolution discussions
- 1791- camps of revolutionaries
1793- Execution of King Louis XVI
-Britain, Spain, etc. - war with France
- B & S-ally with Saint- Domingue.
- 6 sided civil war
1791-1794
*4 sided civil war
- Religion- ethnic
- Unification
- Organization
- Rituals- dances and drumming
- Disguise
- Oath
- Religious leaders:
Makandal: poison whites in 1757.
Boukman: revolt of August, 1791.
SOURCES:
"Haitian History- French Colonialism." Haiti. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. <http://www.kreyol.com/history003.html>.
"Haitian History- The Haitian Revolution." Haiti. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. <http://www.kreyol.com/history004.html>.
"Social Triggers of the Haitian Revolution." The Haitian Revolution. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. <http://scholar.library.miami.edu/slaves/san_domingo_revolution/individual_essay/david.html>.
"Resistance and the Haitian Revolution." The Haitian Revolution. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. <http://scholar.library.miami.edu/slaves/san_domingo_revolution/individual_essay/jason.html>.
"Overview Essay: Haitian Revolution." The Haitian Revolution. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. <http://scholar.library.miami.edu/slaves/san_domingo_revolution/revolution.html>.
"Obeah: The Ultimate Resistance." Religion and Resistance. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. <http://scholar.library.miami.edu/slaves/Religion/religion.html>.
"The Haitian Revolution." History and Current Issues for the Classroom | Choices Program. Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University, n.d. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. <http://www.choices.edu/>.
"Curtin on Revolution in Haiti." N.p., n.d. Web. <http://moodle.acs.edu.lb/file.php/76/Curtin_on_revolution_in_Haiti.pdf>.