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Victorian Norway: The Historical Context of Henrik Ibsen
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Victorian Norway:
The Historical Context of Henrik Ibsen
Relevance to 'A Doll's House'
A Doll's House was written in 1878
A time with little economic stability when the future of Norway was actually quite unsure.
In regards to Helmer and Nora, she would have been completely dependent on him.
Industry
19th century Norway was still a very backward place, with poor transport and infrastructure.
The first factories produced soap, bricks, iron or beer.
Proper industrialization didn't start until the 1850s
Women's Rights
Women had little or no rights, their position can be likened to that of British women in the early 20th century.
They couldn't vote
They couldn't inherit property until 1854
They didn't have control over their own wealth until the 1890s
They were barred from higher education until 1882
Political Context
Norway gained independence in 1814, although it was still in a Union with Sweden.
Only the elite and landowners could vote
But in 1821 the Norwegian Parliament abolished all nobility
However true independence came in 1905.
Everyday Life
Why is this important?
When did Ibsen write?
After being free from Denmark, Norway was now under the rule of Sweden and their King Charles III John.
Norway responded with an outburst of cultural and artistic expression, creating what is now known as Norway's Romantic Era or Norwegian Romantic Nationalism
The majority of the population were farmers.
There wasn't a fuedal system
People were still very much village orientated, industry was only just beginning to develop (1850s /1870s)
Ibsen was born in 1828 and died in 1906.
His first play was published in 1850 and his last in 1899.