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Adolescence
7
Transcript
HOW
WHY
Adolescence
Fareeza, Marah, Asma, and Nada
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
Cognitive
-Cognitive development means the growth of a child’s ability to think and reason. This growth happens differently from ages 6 to 12, and ages 12 to 18.
-Ages 12 to 18 is called adolescence. This age group does more complex thinking. They move from concrete thinking to formal logical operations.
Types of Cognitive growth in adolescence: (Early adolescence)
cognitive
- Uses more complex thinking focused on personal decision-making in school and at home
- Begins to show use of formal logical operations in schoolwork
Continuation
Early
adolescence
- Begins to question authority and society standards
- Begins to form and speak his or her own thoughts and views on a variety of topics.
middle adolescence:
- Often questions more extensively
- Thinks about and begins to form his or her own code of ethics (for example, What do I think is right?)
- Thinks about different possibilities and begins to develop own identity (for example, Who am I?).
middle
adolescence
continuation
middle
adolescence
- Thinks about and begins to systematically consider possible future goals (for example, What do I want?)
- Begins to think long-term
- Uses systematic thinking begins to influence relationships with others
Late adolescence:
late
adolescence
- Uses complex thinking to focus on less self-centered concepts and personal decision-making
- Has increased thoughts about more global concepts, such as justice, history, politics, and patriotism
continuation
late
adolescence
- Begins to focus thinking on making career decisions
- Begins to focus thinking on emerging role in adult society
To help encourage healthy cognitive growth in your adolescent child, you can:
IDEAS
- Include him or her in discussions about a variety of topics, issues, and current events.
- Encourage him or her to share ideas and thoughts with you.
- Compliment and praise him or her for well-thought-out decisions.
Social and emotional changes: What to expect
social and emotional
- During adolescence, you’ll notice changes in the way your child interacts with family, friends and peers.
- Social changes and emotional changes show that your child is forming an independent identity and learning to be an adult.
continuation
TITLE
- Every teen’s social and emotional development is different.
- Your child’s unique combination of genes, brain development, environment, experiences with family and friends, and community and culture shape development.
Social changes
- Searching for identity: young people are busy working out who they are and where they fit in the world.
- Seeking more responsibility, both at home and at school. They learn that they’re responsible for their own actions, decisions and consequences.
social and emotional
Continuation:
Social changes
- Looking for new experiences: the nature of teenage brain development means that teenagers are likely to seek out new experiences and engage in more risk-taking behavior.
- Starting to develop and explore a sexual identity: your child might start to have romantic relationships or go on “dates”.
emotional changes:
emotional
changes
- Shows strong feelings and intense emotions at different times. Moods might seem unpredictable. Your child’s brain is still learning how to control emotions in a grown-up way
- More sensitive to your emotions: young people get better at reading and processing other people’s emotions as they get older.
- More self-conscious, especially about physical appearance and changes. Teenage self-esteem is often affected by appearance.
Physical change
physical
- Adolescents experience a tremendous amount of physical growth and development.
- This rapid physical development begins during the prior developmental stage called Puberty and continues during adolescence.
physical change
height
- Girls normally start their growth between the ages of 8 and 13 years.
- Girls reach their adult height between the ages of 10 and 16 years.
- Guys start their growth between the ages of 10 and 16 years.
- Boys reach their adult height between the ages of 13 and 17.
continuation
height
- Even though guys reach their adult height later than girls, young men grow to become taller than their female peers.
- Several factors can influence potential height such as genetics, nutrition, medical conditions and medications.
muscles (male)
physical
- Teen boys' lean muscle mass greatly increases during adolescence due to the rising levels of male hormones, such as testosterone.
- In general, boys' straight-lined, square bodies become broader at the shoulders and more tapered at the waist, forming the familiar triangular shape of adult males.
Continuation
physical
- Teen girls continue to develop muscle mass while also adding body fat.
- During adolescence, girls' percentage of body fat will increase, relative to muscle mass.
Continuation
TITLE
- Girls' straight-lined, square bodies become wider and broader at the hips, buttocks, and chest.
- While girls may feel "fat" during this maturation process, it may be helpful for them to understand that it is necessary for women to have healthy pregnancies and in order to nurse babies.
Depression
- Mood disorder and feeling of extreme sadness exhaustion and anxiety.
- Factors:
- Peer pressure
- Family problems
- High expectations
- Environment
Diseases
Anxiety
- Feeling of worry and nervousness
- Panic attack
- Watched or judged
Anxiety
Eating disorders
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Anorexia Nervosa
physical
obsessive compulsive disorder
- Uncontrollable, unwanted thoughts, repetitive behaviors you feel compelled to perform.
- Example: Door closed, clean hands, plan perfect, clothes color arrangements,
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