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Stalin`s Magnitogorsk
19
Transcript
Stalin`s Magnitogorsk
Working Conditions in Magnitogorsk
Industrial Production in Magnitogorsk
Working conditions in Magnitogorsk were disorganized and extremely dangerous. Often equipment was broken or missing and workers were unable to complete their tasks. There was rarely any lumber to build ladders and as a result, many workers fell to their death
Many workers in Magnitogorsk understood that iron and steel production was essential to industrializing the Soviet Union.
At noon, workers received their one guaranteed meal of the day: hot soup and black bread. From 1932 to 1934 extreme food shortages led to severe rationing, and as a result workers had to live off bread crusts and had to use tickets to their daily bread. Workers got paid a relatively good wage however, there was rarely anything to buy in Magnitogorsk.
However by 1932 the furnaces in Magnitogorsk were only producing 44.9 percent of what Stalin's five year planned had called for in 1932. This was because there were usually not enough skilled workers on hand to complete the job. Also, poor leadership and worker organization hampered production. Food shortages and poor working conditions were often prevalent.
To combat these issues, the Communist party introduced competition between individuals as well as entire work teams. Because of this, iron and steel production became much more effective.
Influence of the Communist Party
Despite Stalin`s promise to keep everyone equal and to form a classless society, it was found that the Communist Party rewarded its members in Magnitogorsk with more food, better housing, etc.
Another part of the Communist government that caused trouble was the GPU, or secret police. Thousands of workers were accused of being spies and were taken from their homes and sent to forced lanor camps where many died. In 1937 all foreign workers were deemed spies and were deported back to their homelands.
Living Conditions in Magnitogorsk
To pass the time, workers sang and played music. They also took classes that were offered for free. By 1937 everyone had enough to eat and skilled workers lived in apartments with electricity, running water, and air conditioning. However unskilled workers continued to live in mud huts.
When Magnitogorsk was first under construction the city was a dirty, chaotic construction camp. In the winter the ground was frozen solid and by the spring the city was one giant pit of mud.
Workers lived in a long, one-story wooden shack with about 80 people in each shack. Each worker had a iron bed frame and small brick stove. Unskilled workers lived in mud huts.
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