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This dynasty actually contributed to Chinese culture in an extremely well-known way. This is because of the folktale known as Butterfly Lovers.
As of today, this folktale is considered to be one of four of China's greatest works and stories. So, how does the Jin dynasty tie into an old folktale? Well, this story is based in the Eastern Jin dynasty. The story entails the adventures of a bold young lady and her study partner, who wound up falling in love. Women were not seen as worthy individuals in terms of scholarly activities, but the female protagonist convinced her parents to allow her to disguise as a male in order to attend classes. This story is still extremely valued today by Chinese culture, and an era that catered the Jin dynasty was able to produce such a staple masterpiece.
In the year of 222, a dynasty was formed. This dynasty was known as the Eastern Wu Dynasty. Independence was gained from Cao Wei in 222, which is what ultimately began the famous dynasty. Eastern Wu was one of the three states to wish for freedom from the Three Kingdoms. They wanted to gain supremacy over China and the Three Kingdoms, and Sun Quan, founder and ruler of the dynasty, planned to do just that. At the start of this dynasty, there were many conflicts between Cao Wei and Wu, for their independence was gained, but not deserved in the eyes of those associated with Cao Wei. Because of this, many battles broke out. To be more specific, there were three extremely intense battles within just twelve years. To the right, you can see a portrait of the emperor, Sun Quan.
This was another staple year in terms of Chinese dynasties. As of 479, the Liu Song dynasty had fallen. Xiao had assassinated Emperor Shun, and decided to take the throne for himself. While doing this, he declared himself Emperor of Qi, and thus was the beginning of the Qi dynasty. The Southern Qi dynasty lasted for about 23 years, so needless to say, it was also not a very strong dynasty. This was the second dynasty in southern China. Like other dynasties, many emperors were killed, and this was a time filled with instability and nervousness. There were many conflicts with northern states, and its demise came not long after its beginning.
The above years mark the life of the Chen dynasty, which followed the Liang dynasty. Being a dynasty lasting 32 years, this was the fourth of the southern dynasties in Chinese culture. Not only was it the fourth southern dynasty, but it waso the last southern dynasty. This particular dynasty was founded by Emperor Wu in 557, and at this time, it was extremely weak, for it lacked a lot of the power in which it needed to be a successful dynasty. A lot of what Chen needed was destroyed within the Liang dynasty through wars, battles, and vigorous conflicts. Similar to the Lui Song dynasty, the leaders of the Chen dynasty lacked the traits of a respected leader with the potential to become successful, and this made Chen's downfall come a little quicker than expected. An important part of this dynasty would be the early leaders. Emperor Wu's successors were very intelligent men, Emperor Wen and Emperor Xuan. They had just as much power as their rivals, and felt capable of handling things. It wasnot until later in Chen's life that an unfit leader took hold of the power. Wu's successors did all they could in fights against Northern Zhou and Northern Qi, and because of that, I feel like they were a huge contribution to the Chen Dynasty. Unfortunately, their powers were not enough when the throne was handed to Chen Shubao, and Northern Zhou had finally destroyed the Chen dynasty in 589.
An important event during the Liu Song dynasty was the assassination of Liu Shao's father. Liu Shao was the ruler of the dynasty in the year of 453, ,and he had made the sickening decision to assassinate his father and disobey one of the fundamental principles of Confucianism. Hi immediate brother, Liu Jun, did not approve of this, and once he had recognized the reality of what was taking place, he put up strong defense and took down Liu Shao. Liu Jun had him beheaded, and he was then deemed emperor of the Liu Song dynasty. He was more commonly known as Emperor Xiaowu (seen right).
265 was another staple year, for it was the year in which the Eastern Jin Dynasty took power. Founded by Sima Yan, this dynasty was one of strength and endurance, lasting for nearly 200 years. They ruled under a monarchy government, and the population at this point seemed to be 35,000,000 people. This particular dynasty seemed to be one of the heaviest in terms of conflict, dispute, and milestones. Rival northern states often times questioned the legitimacy of Emperor Yuan's (seen right) success, and taunted them as much as possible. They denied his succession, and refused to feed into the dynasty. One thing about this dynasty that stands out is the number of different leaders who too the throne throughout those 200 years. Every dynasty has plenty of different emperors and leaders, but this one in particular had more than expected.
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In the year of 234, Suan decided to lead his troops over to Wei's fortress to begin an attack on their grounds. He claimed to have an army of 100,000 people at that point in time, so he felt extremely confident with instigating such a fight. This fight later became known as the Battle of Hefei. He planned to attack Wei from three different directions, but as intense as that sounds, the outcome was rather anticlimactic. Both armies ended up surrendering and pulling back due to the amount of injuries and illnesses involved in the fighting. The retreat made Eastern Wu feeling unsatisfied, just as anyone would feel if they charged an enemy so confidently and boldly, but the positive to take away from this was that it did not escalate to something that wiped out the entire dynasty.
An important event during this time was the assassination of Emperor Wu's grandson, Xiao Zhaoye. His cousin, Xiao Luan, created a twisted, but clever plan to assassinate Zhaoye. He was said to always be a suspicious character, so this was apparently no surprise to Wu. Once he successfully assassinated Wu's grandson, he decided he was going to take over as Emperor Ming, and he continued to kill off as Emperor Wu's and Emperor Gao's grandsons. This brought a lot of negative attention to the dynasty, and shortly after, the Qi dynasty had fallen.
Revolvy, LLC. ""Liu+Song+dynasty" on Revolvy.com." All Revolvy Quizzes. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2017.
"Nan Chen Dynasty." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., n.d. Web. 29 May 2017.
"Northern and Southern Dynasties (420 - 589)." China Northern and Southern Dynasties: Song, Qi, Liang, Chen. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2017.
"Eastern Jin Dynasty." Eastern Jin Dynasty of China: 11 Emperors, Political System, Culture. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 May 2017.
This is a year that marks an uprising, but also a rough fall. The uprising would be in regards to the Liu Song dynasty. The Jin dynasty was overthrown by the Liu Song dynasty, and their years of power officially ended. The Liu dynasty was founded by Liu Yu (seen right), and that is ultimately where the name came from. His surname was Song, and so the dynasty was known as the Liu Song dynasty. There were many conflicts that arouse throught their time of power, and many are lead to believe that is why they only held power for 59 years opposed to nearly 200. The main issue this dynasty faced was the leaders in which took charge. The vast majority of them made things worse for everybody, for they were either too immature, unfocused, or relaxed to handle responsibilities that leaders have. As a result, there was a large amount of violence, turmoil, and disappointment rooted within the dynasty as a whole.
This was the year of the Qi dynasty's death. The dynasty had fallen to the Liang Dynasty. This was the third of the southern Chinese dynasties to ever exist. Lasting from 502 to 587, there were many important events that happened throughout this era. Though a lot happened in those long 85 years, the event that sticks out the most to me is the surrender of Emperor Jing (seen right). He was forced to give the throne to Chen Baxian in 556, and because of this, many people believe THIS to be the year of Liang's fallen power. Others feel as if the abolition of Western Liang writes the ending of the Liang dynasty, making they ending year 587. This is the reason I find this to be one of the most important aspects of this dynasty. The fact that people are still to this day seeking controversy over when the dynasty truly ended is fascinating, for it seemed that every other dynasty had a definite and firm ending.
"Wu Dynasty: Facts and Fun." All Revolvy Quizzes. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 May 2017.
After many battles and the uprising of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Eastern Wu dynasty had fallen. There were many rebellions that had broken out within Wu, and that caused internal conflicts within the dynasty itself. The Wu dynasty had been under multiple attacks since the Eastern Jin dynasty took power, and after seeing how little effect their armies had on the Jin dynasty, it was decided that Wu's fate was finally here. The leader of the time, Sun Hao, surrendered to the Jin dynasty on the 31st of May, and the Wu dynasty had officially fallen.
Elia Jablonsky
World Geography Pt. 2