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The Universe & Interstellar Matter
5
Transcript
The two elements that were the first to form are the hydrogen and helium atoms-the lightest elements in the universe.
The Universe & Interstellar Matter
Hubble determined that the
universe extended far beyond
the limits of our imagination!
Today, we knows that there are
hundreds of billions of galaxies,
each containing hundreds of
billions of stars!
Cepheid variables are extremely bright variable stars that increase & decrease in brightness in repetitive cycle.
*Group of stars is significant because their “true”brightness or absolute magnitude can be determined by knowing the rate at which they pulsate.
The Universe is the totality of existence
This includes:
Planets
Stars
The majority of which
are most likely
in the form of dark
matter or dark energy.
Galaxies
The contents of intergalactic space
All matter and energy
The smallest subatomic particles
Bright= close
Dark= far apart
Made of the same matter
- Absolute magnitude of a star can be determined by knowing the rate at which they pulsate.
Cosmologists believe the
universe began about 13.7 billion
years ago with a cataclysmic
explosion known as the
big bang theory.
What is cosmology?
Cosmology is the study
of the universe,
including its properties,
structure,
and evolution.
"Nursery of Stars"
Dark nebulae is when
nebular are too far from stars to glow.
can be seen easily in starless regions
Citations
- http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/D/Dark+Nebula
- http://astronomy2009.nasa.gov/observe_nov.htm
- Foundations of Earth Science Book
- google images
Bright nebulae is when nebular are close to very hot stars causing them to glow.
planetary nebulae
reflection nebulae
- are made when stars die and release material into space while the other nebulae are formed from material from new stars
- Example: the Helix Nebula
- are made up of large debri not gas. We know this because if itwere made up of majority gas then it wouldn’t be bright.
- It glows blue because blue light scatters more than red light due to wavelength differences.
- The crab Nebulae shine bright in a radio continuum image by the Very Large Array.
Meaning of nebulae- clumps
or strands of interstellar
matter
Edward Hubble
used Cepheid variables (pulsating stars) to
determine large astronomical distances.
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