Timeline of Treatment for Diabetes
Swiss Physician Philippus Aureouls Paracelus Identifies Diabetes As A Serious Disorder
Metformin Becomes Available in the U.S.
Boston Pathologist Elliott Joslin Compiles 1,000 Of His Own Cases With Diabetic Patients
64K Autoantibody (GAD) was Identified
The First Biosynthetic Human insulin Was Created
*First oral drug came out (Sulfonylureas) which stimulated the pancreas to release more insulin*
*Urine testing was also frequent in the 16th century to test for diabetes*
- It is identical in chemical structure to human
- Worked quicker & better then previous insulin
- Used the classical theories of Aristole
- Said that diabetes was caused by an alteration of blood compositions
- Advise that all people should do urine testing
- Contributed substantially to the rise of modern medicine, including psychiatric treatment
- GAD is glutamic acid decarboxyalse
- GAD enzymes are involved in communication between brain and pancreas
- Most people with type 1 have antibodies to GAD
- Creates a textbook called "The Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
- The book states that deaths of diabetics is lower then the previous year due to the introduction of fasting, diets and regular exercise
- Because of this he was known as one of the leading experts in the treatment of diabetes
- Discovered in 1982 but was identified as GAD in 1990
- It is associated with type 1 diabetes
- Early warning sign of eventual diabetes
- On the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines
- Prevents the production of glucose in the liver
- Helps lower blood sugar leveles
*Blood glucose readers as well as glucose strips were created*
What's Next?
A 2015 report by the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America notes that drug makers are working on over 475 drugs for treating diabetes.
American Diabetes Association recommends stronger focus on mental health in 2017
Secreting sugar from urine using SGLT2 inhibitors
Inhaled insulin that is faster acting
Longer lasting medication with GLP-1 receptor agonists
Discovery of GLP-1 (Incretin Hormones)
Frederick Banting Discovers Insulin
Insulin Pen Delivery System was Introduced
Scottish Physician John Rollo Creates The First Medical Therapy To Treat Diabetes
Sources
1552 BCE -- First Known Mention of Diabetes
- Secreted in response to food
- Encourages your body to produce insulin
- Discovery lead to new diabetes drugs
First Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitor Approved
*Later on In 1871 French physician Apollinaire Bouchardat, Inspired by John Rollo also created diets for his patients*
- More convenient/easier to transport than traditional method
- Repeatedly more accurate dosages
- Easier to use for those with impairments
- During an experiment, Banting drew what is now known as insulin from dogs pancreases
- He then Inserted the Insulin into dogs who did not have it
- The results were lower blood sugar levels & Banting discovery of insulin
- Egyptian physician Hesy-Ra made the first of diabetes
- It was found in the Ebers Papyrus
- It was described as frequent urination
- Was one of the first people known to creates a diet known as the " Animal Diet " to diabetic patients
- Was actively involve with helping people who had diabetes
- His diet helped to lower both blood and sugar levels as well as help with weight loss
History of Diabetes. (n.d.). Retrieved January 16, 2017, from http://www.diabetes.org/research-and-practice/student-resources/history-of-diabetes.html
Cashin-Garbutt, A. (2012, December 24). History of Diabetes. Retrieved January 16, 2017, from http://www.news-medical.net/health/History-of-Diabetes.aspx
Créative, A. S. (2016, November 02). Treating diabetes: 1921 to the present day. Retrieved January 16, 2017, from http://www.diabete.qc.ca/en/understand-diabetes/all-about-diabetes/history-of-diabetes/treating-diabetes-1921-to-the-present-day
The Story of GAD. (2010, March 23). Retrieved January 16, 2017, from https://www.diabeteshealth.com/the-story-of-gad/
Metformin. (n.d.). Retrieved January 16, 2017, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a696005.html
A History Of Medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved January 16, 2017, from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/medicine/ancient-egyptian-medicine.php
History of Diabetes. (n.d.). Retrieved January 16, 2017, from http://www.diabetes.ca/about-diabetes/history-of-diabetes
WHO Model Lists of Essential Medicines. (n.d.). Retrieved January 16, 2017, from http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/en/
Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that slows digestion of most carbohydrates.