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Total fuel on board from JED was 46,700 lbs

Fuel consumption on taxi was 1000 lbs

As per company policy, the fuel uplift was within limits

Fuel remaining at DXB was 13,800 lbs

The A/C fuel consumption was as per the performance of the A/C

The team calculated that the hourly consumption of this A/C was 10,633 lbs

With 13,800 lbs overhead DXB the A/C could have flown 1 hour 10 minutes

Emergency crew reached the site at 0515

Main priority to preserve life

Wreckage area secured

Flight recorders obtained

The no. of people on board was identified

No cargo on the flight

Next of kin were informed

Person from the farm house was a witness

State of occurrence was Dubai, UAE so the investigation by GCAA UAE

Aircraft Accident Investigation

Tests & Analysis

Flight Path

Prepared By:

Ibrahim Matar, Anas Al Hamoudy, Shafiqa Ahli, Abdulla Haidary, Mahmoud Ali, Abdullah Al Kobaisi & Dana Al Saleh

Test and research

Landing gear

Fuel State

Here are some of the tests performed :

  • Right main Landing Gear Down-Lock Switch

  • Left main Landing Gear Down-Lock Switch

  • Landing Gear Warning and Interlock Circuit Breaker

  • The test found that the right main landing gear switch was damaged and the electrical circuit was intermittent

  • Rest of the components were found within limits

The DC8 aircraft crash investigation

Medical records

Interview witness

Technical Records

Previous state of manufacture records

Training Records

Preview

Approach to DXB

Crashed (al-Aweer)

holding 12NM southeast

1 hour: landing gear malfunction

Analysis

Landing gear Malfunction

As a result,

  • Right main Landing gear showed signs of corrosion: The airline maintenance crew did not change the right main landing gear actuator despite a service bulletin was issued by the manufacturer

  • The rod end from the piston end in the landing gear assembly was separated due to severe corrosion

Emergency Response Action

  • Flight History
  • Flight Fuel state
  • Emergency Response Action
  • Flight path diagram
  • Wreckage Information
  • Wreckage Diagram
  • Test and Research
  • Investigation Analysis
  • Conclusion/Findings
  • Causes
  • Safety Recommendations

Flight History

DC8 Aircraft - History

Flight 293 operated by Star Airlines

Wreckage Information

  • The A/C was serviceable before take off from Jeddah

DEPARTED FROM:

DXB via Bahrain

JED

REPORTED DEATHS AND INJURIES

2 Crew members

  • Engine
  • Right Upper Wing
  • Right Lower Wing
  • Fuselage
  • Fuel Tank
  • Wing Connectors
  • Left Upper Wing
  • Empennage
  • Left Lower Wing

7 Passengers

KILLED

2 Crew members

Sustained serious injuries

8 Passengers

  • The flight journey from JED to DXB was 3 hours
  • The aircraft was holding 12NM southeast of DXB for 1 hour due to landing gear malfunction

Crashed at a deserted area in al-Aweer on approach to DXB

Causes:

  • Landing gear malfunction was due to poor maintenance procedures adapted by the airline related to human factors
  • Lack of safety culture in the airline management

Causes:

Safety Recommendations

  • Establish a system of information sharing between all levels of management.
  • Improper fuel management by the crew due to human factor
  • Fuel management and human factors training.

  • Positive safety culture has to be ensured across all management levels in the organization.
  • Airline maintenance crew should implement the safety bulletins given by the manufacturer as quickly as possible.
  • Lack of team management skills by the crew

Conclusion/Findings

  • The flight crew was medically fit without medical records
  • The flight crew was certified and qualified

  • The captain was not on prescription medicine
  • The A/C crashed at 04:30 LT and as there was no fuel on board and there was no ground fire

Wreckage Information

Conclusion/Findings

Response Action

  • Captain had failed CAA exams 5 times

  • Captain was overworked and underpaid

Any

Questions

Conclusion/Findings

  • The rod end from the piston end in the landing gear assembly was separated due to severe corrosion
  • As a result, the landing gear rod end was pulled straight from the piston rod without any significant rotation and the right main landing gear down lock switch was not activated thereby showing unsafe indication of the main landing gear
  • Right main Landing gear showed signs of corrosion

  • The airline maintenance crew did not change the right main landing gear actuator despite a service bulletin was issued by the manufacturer

Conclusion/Findings

  • The pilot declared an emergency state 3 mins before to the crash
  • The right main landing gear did not indicate green and showed unsafe conditions
  • The A/C crashed at a terrain area in al Aweer
  • Fuel test showed fuel of correct type and no contamination

  • A new type of fuel quantity indicating gages were installed on the A/C without the knowledge of the operating group

  • The airline had a minimum landing fuel policy of 8300 lbs which was violated by the crew

  • The captain failed to relate time, distance with fuel state thereby experiencing fuel exhaustion

  • The A/C began holding 12 NM southeast of DXB for one hour where it consumed all the fuel
  • The wreckage distribution shows that the A/C hit the ground with a low angle and low velocity

Conclusion/Findings

  • The A/C had no history of incidents/accidents
  • The A/C reached overhead to DXB with 13,800 lbs of fuel

Conclusion/Findings

  • The A/C was serviceable while taking off from JED to BAH
  • The A/C had no technical issues while taking off from BAH to DXB

Test and research

A new type of fuel quantity indicating system was installed on the A/C without knowledge of the operating group which resulted in misreading of the quantity by the crew

Test and research

Crew failed to relate the relationship of fuel available with respect to the time due to careless behavior and violating the company SOP’s

  • The landing gear rod end was pulled straight from the piston rod without any significant rotation and the right main landing gear down lock switch was not activated thereby showing unsafe indication of the main landing gear airline.
  • CVR
  • FDR

TEST AND RESEARCH

Here are some of the tests performed on the A/C components picked up from the wreckage area:

Fuel control

Fuel flow indicators

Fuel quantity gages

Note : These indicators were within limits

  • Testing the parts
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