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Starting in the 14th century, Portugal became a major power in the age of exploration. Portuguese explorers such as Vasco De Gama and Ferdinand Magellan began to build Portugal into a vast colonial empire. Portugal established colonies in south America, Africa and the middle east.
Portugal's major resources are fish, iron ore, copper, zinc, tin, tungsten, silver, gold, uranium, marble, clay, gypsum, salt and hydro power.
Population: 10,781,459
The capital is Lisbon
Goa was colonized by Portugal in the 1500's. Since it was on the arabian sea, the spice rich port was very important. The major reason for the colonization of Goa was for spices.
In the 1500's Portugal colonized the present day west african country of Guinea-Bissau and two other south African countries Angola and Mozambique. The Portuguese enslaved a lot of people from these countries and sent them to the new world. As well, they also extracted raw materials such as diamonds and gold. After the colonization of these countries it took all three of these countries 475 years to gain independence from Portugal. In the 20th century Portugal was pressured to "let go" of these three colonies. This pressure erupted into the Portuguese Colonial War. After this was ended in 1975 these three countries became independent.
Brazil was Portugal's largest colony by area and population. Portugal was allowed to colonize Brazil because of the treaty of Tordesilla in 1494. After colonizing the land the portuguese imported african slaves and used them to grow sugar, tobacco, cotton, coffee and other profitable crops. Since the colonization of Brazil, Portugal explored, and settles the vast interior of Brazil. Portugal ruled Brazil until 1822 when they gained independence.