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CFCl3 → CFCl22 + Cl
CF2Cl2 → CF2Cl + Cl
Cl + O3→ ClO + O2
ClO + O → Cl + O2
O3 + O → 2O2
This formula shows the reaction of CFCl3 (a chlorofluorocarbon) with ozone (O3) to produce two particle of oxygen gas. Over time, this results in an overall loss of ozone particles, because this reaction happens in much larger quantities than the reaction that creates ozone. Chlorine (Cl) is a catalyst in this reaction, with each atom being able to destroy 100 000 ozone molecules before being removed by another reaction. The latter half of this formula can also be replicated with nitrogen oxide (NO) taking the place of chlorine.
O3(g) + UV radiation → O2(g) + O(g) + Heat
This formula shows the natural destruction of ozone and how ozone absorbs UV radiation, converting it to heat. The radiation decomposes the ozone into O2 molecules and oxygen gas, but also destroys the harmful UV rays in the process.
O2(g) + UV radiation → 2 O(g) + Heat
O(g) + O2(g) → O3(g)
This formula demonstrates the production of ozone. It is extremely unstable and reactive, much more so than O2 gas, but in the stratosphere, is very beneficial to humans. In this reaction, UV radiation is also converted into heat.
If you live in a country that still creates or uses products that contain CFC's, there are a few ways that you can personally lit your use of CFC's. Instead of using hair spray or spray deodorant, you can use hair gel or stick deodorant. Small changes like these will add up to make a lasting impact on our world
The chemical formula for chlorofluorocarbons is...
C
Cl
F
4-m
m
The world as a whole can work towards reducing the need for CFC's by providing those that live in hot climates with free pools, allowing them to cool off in ways that do not involve harming our atmosphere. Countries or areas with colder climates, such as Edmonton should outlaw air conditioning completely, as it is certainly not necessary, and not worth the consequences that come with it.
How Ozone Is Formed- chemical reaction
And the chemical
formula for ozone is...
O
3
O
The big step taken to eliminate the use of CFC's was the Montreal Protocol. It obliged almost all countries that signed the document to stop using any CFC's by 1996. Because of this document, scientists synthesized and researched new chemicals to replace CFC's, such as hydrofluorocarbons, fluorocarbons, and, in some instances, butane, pentane and ammonia.
The impacts of CFC's are huge. In this image, we can see a large "hole" in the Ozone layer which can allow dangerous amounts of UV radiation through the atmosphere. This caused humans to try and identify ways to prevent use of CFC's.
CFC Concentration Over Time
Since their introduction in the 1930's, CFC's increased in concentration, until the Montreal Protocol, where most CFC concentrations plateaued or even decreased.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/437240/ozone-layer
http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/ozone-layer.htm
http://www.epa.gov/Ozone/science/sc_fact.html
http://www.norden.org/en/publications/publikationer/2003-516
http://apps.sepa.org.uk/spripa/Pages/SubstanceInformation.aspx?pid=114
http://www.ozoneunit.me/en/ozone/how-is-the-ozone-created-and-disappearing/
http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/gaw/ghg/ghg5-online.html
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/publictn/elkins/cfcs.html
http://biophysics.sbg.ac.at/atmo/ozone.htm
http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/ozone/ozone.html
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=49040
http://www.theozonehole.com/cfc.htm
Chlorofluorocarbons
-Propellants in aerosols (especially medicinal aerosols)
-Refrigeration and air conditioning
-Blowing agents for foams
-Solvents, degreasing agents and cleaning agents
Compared to the 1930's, CFC levels have increased exponentially, as they were widely used for various applications. For example, in the year 1945, the concentration of CFC-11 was 0.1 ppt, in contrast to 2013, where the concentration was 236 ppt. This is still a vast improvement from 1994, where the concentration was at 270 ppt. This was the highest concentration of CFC-11 ever, where it eventually began its gradual decline. Concentrations of various types of CFC's throughout the years are shown in the graph to the right.
Ozone is measured in Dobson Units. A Dobson Unit is the amount of ozone molecules that would make a layer of pure ozone 0.01 millimeters thick at a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 1 atmosphere
The stratospheric ozone concentration has been showing a decreasing trend. However, in recent years since protocols have been put into effect, the ozone layer has somewhat rebounded, with the ozone hole shrinking slightly. The diagram to the left and graph below show the exact statistics.
No natural disasters are known to directly release CFC's. However, an earthquake, for example, may cause a refrigerator to break, indirectly releasing CFC's.