South African Imperialism

South African Imperialism

http://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/apr/23/nelsonmandela

Thursday , March 26, 2015

By: Ember, Melody, Olivia

Reporting from 1815- 1961

South Africa Free At Last!

Nelson Mandela

• South African activist
• global advocate for human rights
• helped end apartheid

Britain Takes Over!

• unbanning of the African National Congress and Pan African Congress
• release of Nelson Mandela on 2 February 1990, which signaled the beginning of a transition to democracy.
• May 31, 1961 South Africa became independent.

Motives of the British for Imperialism in South Africa

Effects of Their Rule

Negative

Positive

• Diamonds and gold were found in the 1860's by the British sparking the "Mineral Revolution"
• British missionaries sent to convert natives to Christianity
• Free trade in Africa along with British land was threatened by the French and Dutch.

• Brought new technology
• Increased literacy rates
• Hospitals, schools, and factories were built providing jobs
• Improvement of sanitation and education system

• the Boer Wars had over 40,000 victims, including women and children in "early concentration camps
• Many Africans lost their culture
• Apartheid
• Crime rates are still very high
• very little trust in government
• animosity between the poor and the rich

Method of British Rule

"A White Man's Burden"

The British used colonial rule over South Africa, most of the power going to white elitists in Cape Town

A poem written by Rudyard Kipling stating that because African's are inferior to whites, it is a white man's job to take control over the Africans, to make "functional" people.

"After climbing a great hill,

one only finds that there are many more hills to climb."

- Nelson Mandela

Zulu Rebellion

YOUTH DAY!

How Did This Happen?

Soweto Uprisings

Background

Anglo-Zulu War

Zulu= Native africans

Boers= Dutch

Afrikaners= descendents of dutch

• Student organized protest demonstration.
• protested the enforcement of the Afrikaans Medium Decree of 1974
• protest successful long term

• Zulu Rebellion: Zulu revolt against British rule and taxation in Natal, South Africa, in 1906.

- The imposition of a poll tax to all men not already paying a hut tax caused civil unrest.

- Tax established to keep poor black laborers on white-owned farms and mines as they would not have been able to pay it without those jobs

- rebellion unsuccessful due to the colonial leaders superior weaponry

• Napoleonic Wars
• The Anglo-Zulu War (1879)
• The Boer Wars

+First Boer War (1880–1881)

+ Second Boer War (1899–1902)

• After the Boer Wars the Union of South Africa was very closely tied to the British government, due to the fact that most of the Union's government being made up of British citizens

Boer War

"Hector Pieterson One of the first students to be shot dead at just13-years-old. He became the symbol of the soweto uprising."

In the book, Kaffir Boy, a witness named David described the police’s actions on the first day of the riot:

"They opened fire. They didn’t give any warning. They simply opened fire...And small children, small defenseless children, dropped down like swatted flies. This is murder, cold-blooded murder".

Four Territories of the Union