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Major air pollution problems in UAE are ozone smog from factories and other human activities. Also PM pollution caused by cars is another problem with outdoor pollution
Indoor air pollution in UAE is from gas stoves, chimneys, and smoke from cigarettes produces pollutants like carbon monoxide, etc.
http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/health/850-deaths-each-year-linked-to-air-pollution
http://ehp03.niehs.nih.gov/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1289%2Fehp.1104090
UAE is recycling its solid wastes but only about 3%
UAE should recycle more and more to 100% to stop greater production of trash getting wasted.
UAE is starting to do more sustainable thing to the environment and will increase the sustainability until its 100% sustained
UAE dumps e-waste in landfills around the country and causes leach poisoning.
http://www.ameinfo.com/90947.html
http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/environment/dumped-electronic-items-could-poison-the-soil-1.648531
Air pollution
Solid and hazardous waste
Air pollution affects human health by causing cardiovascular and respiratory infections, asthma, bronchitis, pulmonary disease, and death.
Acid deposition is affecting UAE by
destroying and killing crops which is the major problem in UAE
UAE is regulating cars and factories to reduce emissions
solid wastes are solid wastes from industrial garbage that could be hazardous to humans.
Hazardous wastes are wastes or toxic things that could can be harmful to human health.
http://superfund.supportportal.com/link/portal/23002/23020/Article/22736/What-is-the-difference-between-hazardous-wastes-or-substances-and-solid-wastes
The major nonrenewable energy sources are 1) Oil
2) natural gas ( 6th largest in the world)
UAE mines for chromate. But the mineral resources found are rocks, sand, marl, limestone, and gypsumand the environmental problems are mining destroys the land and using these mineral resources deplete its amount.
From alot of desertification to the land there are many sand storms and dust storm throughout the year.
http://www.uaeinteract.com/uaeint_misc/pdf/perspectives/12.pdf
Nonrenewable energy
Nonrenewable resources
Depletion of mineral resources is around 2050 (predicted)
They should find a more reliable oraginc substance and give the other minerals a break to replenish
environmental consequences from these are ozone depletion. Pollutants in air, dust, and water. Major problems to humans health and species around.
The advantages and disadvantages of ...are....
1) oil
a) large amount will last awhile
d) ozone depletion and pollutants in the air.
2) natural gas
a) arge amount powers most in UAE
d) will eventually run out, depletion of ozone, pollutes air
5,314,317 people
growth rate= 3.055%
0-14 years: 20.4% (m-537,925 & f-513,572)
15-64 years: 78.7% (m-2,968,958 & f-1,080,717)
65 years and over: 0.9% (m-30,446 & f-17,046)
Birth rate: 15.76/ 1000
Death rate: 2.04/ 1000
immigration rate:16.82/1000
Emigration rate: none shown
Data us shown to be correct.
Rule of 70: 32 years and is slower than average
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ae.html
2.38% fertillity rate is a pretty constant rate compared to the population age structure
state of food security is Abu Dhabi
http://www.populstat.info/Asia/unarabeg.htm
The major types of soil in uae is like a silty sand but UAE is 85% pure sandy soil.
gulfnews.com/.../uae/.../food-security-to-top-menu-at-abu-dhabi-exhi...
UAE agriculture is not sustained very because the UAE only have 24% cultivated land to farm on and only .77% is arable. The agriculture they farm is mostly vegetables, some fruit such as melons, and raising livestock.
http://uaeagricent.moew.gov.ae/wateranddam/soil_e.stm
www.nationsencyclopedia.com › ... › United Arab Emirates
Human population and its impact
Food, soil, and pest management
It has a late stage of transition and the population is going at a very stable rate.
UAE protects their crops from pests by mostly pesticides but have started using less toxic chemicals in them.
environmental problems caused by food production is mostly degradation of the fertile land in UAE by livestock.
www.teacherweb.com/ON/Orangeville/.../Isuexemplarparta.pdf
http://www.uaeinteract.com/english/news/default.asp?ID=18
UAE terrestrial ecosystem is being destroyed through many threats like urbanization ( which people are destoying the environment for housing, cities, etc. Also this urbanization is growing and are need of more waste management solutions). Pollution ( polluting the air from the crude oil places and natural gas factories).
A typical food web is a connection between producers and consumers in an ecosystems
UAE is maintaining its terrestrial biodiversity by preventing the overgrazing from camels and other livestock. Also they are making more conservation laws and nature reserves.
uae.panda.org/about_the_uae/threats/
There are many researches on the the UAE's ecostsems but mostly marine ecosystems such as there mangrove research.
UAE is not a biodiversity hotspot
www.abudhabi.ae/egovPoolPortal_WAR/.../Citizen?_...
Ecosystems
Sustainable terrestrial ecosystems
Producers: native grasses and bushes
herbivore: camels
carnivores: sand cat
omnivores: honey badger
scavenger: Egyptian vulture
decomposers:millipides
UAE has some problems on the range land like overgrazing, groundwater depletion, habitat fragmentation, and exotic species. UAE has some solutions for overgrazing. They will start to reduce livestock ( ex: 60% of camels), they will rotate there livestock around to only graze at certain spots so other parts can grow back. They would start a quota system to limit the amount of camels that can graze on open range land.
UAE doesn't use their forests so their isn't any way the can sustain or manage it, especially when forestry is less than 1.5% of all the land in UAE. UAE gets wood imported from all over the world and they recycle it.
http://www.ddcr.org/reports/full/Intensification_of_rangeland_grazing_in_an_oil-rich_state.pdf
http://www.listofcountriesoftheworld.com/ae-animals.html
http://www.uaeinteract.com/uaeint_misc/pdf/perspectives/12.pdf
en.wikipedia.org
UAE has started to increase their economic growth but isn,t sustainable because the countries economy is very dependent on crude oil and natural gases. United Arab Emirates is the 6th for exporting oil around the world.
UAE has an ecological footprint of 11.9, and the UAE does suffer from affluenza.
UAE is considered a least develpoed country, but it has the 6th largest oil and natural gas reserves in the world which is the only thing plus its increase of modern infrastructure keeping them in the place there are at now.
http://www.uaeinteract.com/uaeint_misc/pdf/perspectives/12.pdf
http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,243926,00.html
http://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/uae/uae_country_brief.html
arabianoilandgas.com
UAE is found on the Saudi Arabian pennisula. The neighboring countries are Oman and Saudi Arabia. It is also bordered by the Persian and Oman gulfs.
http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/UAE.pdf
The Emirates major form of energy to fuel there economy is crude oil.
Costumes
UAE is mostly desert, but has isolated areas of grasslands and mountains towards the eastern part of the country.
The UAE didnt use the 4 scientific principles but are starting to because all their country is dependent on is oil and it will not last forever.
http://geography.about.com/library/cia/blcuae.htm
Major language = Arabic
http://www.visitabudhabi.ae/en/about.abudhabi/language.religion.aspx
http://www.grapeshisha.com/about-uae/uae-clothing.html
The current and future status for water shortages is losing about 3ft of water/ year and they say by 2050 that its will be completely depleted because UAE has the highest per capita of water consumption.
They obtain usable water by getting water out of the limited water basins in UAE. Also, the will use aquifiers and de salt the ocean water for fresh water.
The main cause of water pollution is pesticides getting into the ground water and streams from farms which makes the water undrinkable. Also oil spill in this country gives of azardous chemicals into water which evaporates and causes acid rain.
Major water pollution in streams in UAE are the pesticides from the farms near them
http://thewaterproject.org/water-in-crisis-middle-east.php
http://www.dsg.ae/en/Publication/Pdf_En/127201212127404843750.pdf
http://reducepollutiontip.com/water/water-pollution-in-uae.php
Water pollution
Water
UAE isnt doing too much except enfocing stricter laws on chemical wastes and pesticides on farms and also changing the irragation systems on the farms.
Dams in the UAE has several advantages and disadvantages. The advantages are that it helps fertilize the soil it also provides jobs for people around. The disadvantages are that fish and other native species cannot go up stream and it restricts water flow.
http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries_regions/untd_arab_em/index.stm
Flooding is normally not a problem in UAE because there is limitied water sources and coastal parts of UAE will sometimes during the rainy seasons but have levies to reduce it.
Groundwater and drinking water is mostly a problem from bout pesticides seeping into the ground into the water table and oil when drilling, the debris will get in to it
The major problems in the ocean are oil spoils from the drill sites and boats sinkings.
http://megeuae.com/SharhanPDFpubs/Water-Resources-Integrated-Management/Water-Resource-UAE.pdf
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=pictures+of+water+pollution+in+UAE&hl=en&sa=X&rlz=1T4ADFA_enUS414US414&biw=1024&bih=531&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=8r5ghnQmesCd3M:&imgrefurl=http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2008/11/dubai_and_the_uae.html&docid=zbEwaJatEaF71M&imgurl=http://cache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/dubai_11_19/d09_16832063.jpg&w=990&h=562&ei=h_i2T9LWMciZ6QHNtsC8Cg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=102&vpy=22&dur=406&hovh=169&hovw=298&tx=227&ty=127&sig=110259751085541035616&page=1&tbnh=128&tbnw=226&start=0&ndsp=8&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:74
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energy efficiency can be improved in UAE by switching to alternative resources that will work in its harsh environment.
Solar energy is an option in UAE because of the eat and lack of trees from the sum but the disadvantage is that it will not work at night and still gives off pollution when made in the factory.
UAE has started the largest wind turbine in the middle east but doesnt work well because they dont get much wind there.
www.ameinfo.com/144256.html - United Arab Emirates
notes in class
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=solar+energy+in+UAE&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&rlz=1T4ADFA_enUS414US414&biw=1024&bih=531&tbm=isch&tbnid=M-Jta72hs6JRiM:&imgrefurl=http://www.gizmag.com/shams-1-concentrated-solar-power-plant/15389/&docid=Y4AovErV-1f7vM&imgurl=http://images.gizmag.com/hero/shams-1-solar-power-plant.jpg&w=530&h=298&ei=fge3T4CHMqSA6QHugO3_Cg&zoom=1
There is no biological hazards in UAE and not known for deaths
UAE AIDS/HIV rate is 0.2% but information of how many in the population have it or have died isnt known.
Energy efficiency & renewable resources
Environmental hazards & Human health
Biomass is a very efficient for UAE because is affordable and plenty of it but the disadvantage is that is very dirty.
UAE is trying to make a plan for hydrogen energy for cars, etc but very expensive
http://gulfnews.com/business/general/biomass-has-the-ability-to-upstage-solar-wind-energy-1.965115
Geothermal energy is the cleanest method of alternative energy for UAE can can be used because of hot ground temperatures but it is limited powered
UAE has a control system of what and is limited or stopped before usage
Chemical hazards in UAE comes from pesticides and desalination of salt water. Deaths is not known for UAE.
siteresources.worldbank.org/.../Chemicals_Int_Experience_EN.pdf
www.thenational.ae/.../energy/icelandic-clean-energy-solution-in-the-...
UAE are using tools based off of marketing to get money for alternate sources to solve environmental problems
34.8 billion is the value on natural capital, pollution cotrol, and resource use
UAE's economy is increasing very rapidly with a GDP per captia of 48,500. The Emirates are rising at a very fast rate that it is not sustainable
19.5% of its population is under the poverty line and starting many businesses so people get jobs with alternate energy factories
The goverment of UAE has started a huge transition towards a sustainable society by using some of the largest alternate energy sources in the middle east.
Some effects of a warmer atmosphere is increased green houses gases
http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/12173/InTech-On_the_effect_of_global_warming_and_the_uae_built_environment.pdf
Winter average: 26 degress C.
Summer average: 45 degrees C.
Some indications of the Temperature raising in UAE are from factories and car emissions.
http://www.uaeinteract.com/uaeint_misc/weather/index.asp
Economics, Environment, and sustainability
Climate change and Ozone depletion
UAE is reducing the amount motor vehicles and reducing factory emissions by using alternative energies
Ozone depletion is effected by CFC's and other ozone depleting substances and whats being done for it is reducing the amount of substances with CFCs.
UAE hdoesnt work with many outside of its country but does work with the wwf, and people like the UN and wants to make the world more sustainable.
UAE environmental laws are made by WWF, EWS, FEA, Kyoto-protocol, and have joined the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, the United Nations Framework Convention, Kuwait Regional Convention, Vienna Convention, and 1986 IAEA Conventions for help with ozone, nuclear accidents, oil, and air pollution, and protection of the water and sea and it is starting to work well.
UAE makes its policies to solve environmental situatuions by WWF and EWS working with their government.
UAE is reducing and restricting the use of products with CFC's, dumping of hazardous chemicals have been put in different special landfills, reducing the amount of natural resources in cars and has been starting to work because they havent been doing much until recently.
http://www.soe.ae/SOEPages/Ozone%20Depletion.aspx?page=Ozone%20layer
www.geant-uae.com/supermarket_enviromental... - United Arab Emirates
http://www.infoprod.co.il/country/uae2i.htm
Education in UAE is average with around 13 years in school, and anyone ovewr the age of 15 can read and write. They start started a program in UAE to help the children learn about sustainability in UAE.
http://www.edusustainability.com/eng/Education-EN2.pdf
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.bgp.com.cn/09/worldwide/images/UAE_01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.bgp.com.cn/09/worldwide/uae.htm&h=468&w=360&sz=91&tbnid=IKxrK21tNwAQ6M:&tbnh=104&tbnw=80&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dpictures%2Bof%2BUAE%26tbm%3Disch%26tbo%3Du&zoom=1&q=pictures+of+UAE&docid=ScCbKe1vU1tt3M&sa=X&ei=X9W3T_WmIoKhgwfWsNGwCg&ved=0CJwBEPUBMA8&dur=2109